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Released under the Freedom of  Information Act 1982 (Cth) 
Defence Force 
Ombudsman
Restorative engagement in Defence abuse


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What is Restorative 
Engagement ? (RE)
What are the 
benefits?
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Defence Force 
Ombudsman RE 
Program 
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Our Success
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Testimonials
‘It went real y well. I was extremely apprehensive, nervous and unsure 
how I would feel during the conference. My facilitator was very nice. 
She made me feel at ease and explained the process clearly so I 
understood what to expect. The Defence Representative was also 
extremely nice. I found her to be very genuine and sincere. She 
seemed to genuinely care about my story.’

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xxxxx@xxxxxxxxx.xxx.xx
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Released under the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (Cth) 
National Student 
Ombudsman
Empowering students, ensuring fairness
Restorative engagement in student complaints

Origins of the National
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 Student 
Ombudsman
2017 and 2021 student 
Sept. 2023 Senate Inquiry on 
Feb. 2024 Universities 
safety surveys
current & proposed sexual 
Accord Final Report
consent laws
2021 National Student Safety Survey 
Made several findings about the 
Supported the creation of the NSO, 
showed little improvement in 
sector’s responses to sexual violence, 
stating that “students need a 
student awareness and 
noting ”the committee lacks confidence 
simpler, more accessible 
satisfaction of gender-based 
that the university sector (as a whole) 
mechanism that al ows them to 
violence reporting and support 
wil  respond appropriately to the crisis 
pursue their complaints with 
options from the 2017 Change the 
without strong intervention.”
appropriate supports”. 
Course report.
Recommended the establishment of an 
independent oversight body.
Noted that “systemic issues 
Identified the creation of the NSO 
[related to gender-based violence] 
as the first Action of the Plan, noting 
persist across the higher education 
that it would “ensure domestic and 
sector, suggesting governance 
international students have an 
arrangements could be improved” 
effective, trauma-informed 
& that complaints options for 
complaints mechanism to use 
students were complex, slow and 
when they are not satisfied by their 
confusing.
higher education provider’s 
response.”
July 2023 Universities 
Feb. 2024 Action Plan 
Accord Interim Report
Addressing Gender-Based 
Violence in Higher Education

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NSO Restorative Engagement model
Collaborative, trauma-informed approach: 
emphasis on student safety
Uniqueness of NSO alternative dispute 
resolution model: internal facilitation of RE, 
conciliation function, focus on early resolution
Pre-requisites: 
agreed set of facts, voluntary participation

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Process and what we’ve seen so far
Careful assessment of suitability of cases for RE 
including student support and accessibility needs
Work with provider to explain process & 
establish agreement to facts
If facts not agreed, proceed to conciliation
Outcome of RE depends on case and
student’s desired outcome
Closure, acknowledgement for student the priority

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Lessons learned, looking to the future
Student-provider relationship management 
critical
Given cases are current, not historical
Establishing agreement to facts can be 
challenging
Where no agreement, NSO ADR function can be 
helpful e.g. facilitated resolution, conciliation
Importance of collaboration between NSO, 
providers and other stakeholders 
NSO RE training for providers planned


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Thank you.
Any questions?

1300 395 775 
nso.gov.au 
xxxxxxxxxxx@xxxxxxxxx.xxx.xx

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