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DOCUMENT 1
Frequently asked questions about legislation
03/07/2025, 07:20
Frequently asked questions about legislation
On this page:
New
General
Transition, future changes and co-design
NDIS supports (s10)
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Foundational supports
Access (s21)
Notice of Impairments (s32BA)
Support needs assessment (s32L)
Plan management decisions (s44)
Right to appeal decisions
Providers
We regularly update our FAQs to ensure they provide the most accurate and up-to-date information.
New
New FAQs
New FAQ’s relating to funding periods are located below in the following sections:
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Providers
General
What will change on 3 October?
For existing participants, key changes include:
The introduction of a definition of NDIS supports. These are:
supports that can be funded by the NDIS and stated by the NDIS rules to be NDIS supports.
A replacement rule enabling participants to request a substitute or replacement support that is not an NDIS support (in individual circumstances).
Plans approved after the law comes into effect will have:
total funding amounts
funding component amounts
funding periods.
This clarifies the amount of funds available in the plan and how long the funds need to last.
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The NDIA can consider changing a plan management type in specific circumstances;
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For example, where someone needs support to manage and spend their plan funds within the funding amount.
Other changes will happen when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes:
the creation of new participant pathways
the new planning framework
support needs assessment
budget model and flexible budgets.
What won't be changing on October 3?
We want to reassure participants that for most, there won’t be major changes to the way they experience the NDIS right now.
What is not changing is the purpose of the NDIS.
The NDIS will continue to provide participants with disability-related supports.
What is the purpose of the new legislation?
The new legislation aims to:
Create the scaffolding needed to progress key NDIS Review recommendations in partnership with people with disability and the disability community.
Clarify the intention of existing legislation
How will the new legislation affect NDIS participants?
Participants may see changes in:
how their eligibility is assessed
the supports that can be funded by the NDIS
how their plans are managed
how their funding is allocated and needs to be spent
requirements for information gathering for eligibility reassessment.
What are NDIS Rules?
The NDIS Rules sit under the NDIS Act and provide details about how the NDIS operates.
States and territories are involved in the approval process for NDIS Rules.
Legislative instruments may be made by the Minister for the NDIS after consulting with affected stakeholders.
Many of the changes to the NDIS will be implemented through new NDIS Rules.
The new NDIS Rules will outline how people can access the NDIS, what assessments are needed, and how budgets will work.
Rules will be developed with people with disability, their families and carers and the disability sector.
What is a transitional rule?
A transitional rule is a rule that the Minister for the NDIS can make within the first 12 months of the legislation being passed, ahead of final rules being agreed
with states and territories.
When will the changes take effect?
The new NDIS laws come into effect on 3 October 2024.
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Some changes will happen as soon as the laws come into effect. These changes are about returning the NDIS to its original intent.
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Other changes will happen later, when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes the creation of new participant pathways and the new planning framework –
support needs assessment, budget model and flexible budget.
Will there be consultation on these changes?
The changes were subject to consultation and consideration by the disability community, disability representative and carer organisations, the NDIS
Independent Advisory Council, states and territories and the Community Affairs Legislation Committee.
There will continue to be opportunities for consultation to shape how these changes are implemented. Those directly impacted by key decisions about the
Scheme will continue to play a key role in developing the detail and in implementing the reforms.
What is the new planning framework?
The new planning framework guides how the NDIS will operate. It explains how people can access the NDIS, how their needs are assessed, and how flexible
budgets are created.
Because of changes to the legislation, plans will be built differently in future. This means there will be 2 kinds of NDIS plans.
If your plan was developed through the current planning approach, this will be called an old framework plan.
If your plan is developed using the new assessment model, this will be a new framework plan.
English is not my first language. Will there be translated information about the NDIS legislation?
The NDIA is committed to ensuring all communications on legislative changes are accessible to everyone.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
The NDIA is working with the wider community to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats including:
Easy Read
Auslan
Braille.
Transition, future changes and co-design
What specific steps is the NDIA taking to ensure a smooth transition?
We are fully committed to ensuring we reach every person – including those who may live in more rural and remote areas or have unique accessibility or
language needs.
The NDIA has begun an extensive communications campaign designed to ensure our more than 660,000 participants, as well as their supporters, know what
they need to about changes to the NDIS Act.
The NDIA will continue to be clear on what is changing and when, so participants and their supporters can be assured that future changes will be supported with
transparency and communication.
How will the NDIA work with the disability community to ensure that the needs and concerns of participants are
addressed throughout the implementation of these changes?
It is essential people with disability continue to have a voice in how the detailed design is done and how the changes are implemented.
The NDIA has been delivering reform in partnership with people with disability and the disability community over the past 2 years.
This includes key partnerships with the Disability Representative and Carer Organisations and the Independent Advisory Council.
Throughout July and August this year, the Agency’s Co-design Branch delivered 56 activities, including consultation on the legislative changes to come into
effect on 3 October 2024.
We have learnt a lot from these activities and continue to improve the way we work together with the disability community.
In June 2024, the NDIA and disability organisations from across Australia shared a commitment to work together on reforms to the Scheme.
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Working in partnership with the disability community remains the cornerstone of implementing change as we move forward.
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Changes will be supported with transparency and communication.
What if there is a case for a support to get on the list? What do we do?
A NDIS Evidence Advisory Committee (EAC) will be established to provide independent and transparent advice to Government on what works for participants.
The Committee will provide advice on the evidence base for therapeutic supports accessed through the NDIS, improving outcomes and ensuring better value for
participants.
This will ensure the supports funded under the Scheme are beneficial, safe, evidence based and cost effective.
The work of the Committee will be an important input into the development of the final NDIS Support Rule which will be developed with the disability community
and States and Territories.
What will be co-designed going forward?
New co-design working groups have started meeting and will be steering a range of co-design and engagement activities including future changes to the NDIS
as a result of legislative change.
Key measures such as support needs assessments and budget models will be subject to ongoing co-design.
We will keep looking for new ways for people to have a voice and shape the work we do together.
NDIS supports (s10)
What is and is not a NDIS support?
From October 3 2024, the Government has released the lists of what NDIS participants can and cannot spend their funding on.
The lists include items that are NDIS supports and items that are not NDIS supports.
Participants who need specific items for their disability will still be able to access those items through these lists.
These lists are based on existing guidance, so in most cases there is unlikely to be any change to the supports a person is currently using.
There will be a transition period for the first year of the new NDIS supports lists to give participants time to learn and understand.
If you’re unsure, there are a few things you can do:
read the NDIS Supports list on the Our Guidelines website.
we'll also be sending a link to all participants
speak to your Local Area Coordinator, Early Childhood Partner or Support Coordinator
if you’re still unsure, call us on 1800 800 110.
How long will I get to change my supports after the legislation change?
From 3 October 2024 you must use your funding to purchase services, items and equipment that can be funded by the NDIS.
We will work with you to help you understand the new rules and access supports that are NDIS supports.
What if I am delivering supports/ accessing supports that are now on the non NDIS support list?
The Government has released definitions of NDIS supports making it clear what NDIS funds can and cannot be used for. These definitions are based on
existing guidance.
Lists of specific items that are allowable NDIS supports and those that are not allowed are on the NDIS website.
If a support is included on the list showing what is not an NDIS Support - it is not allowed to be funded from NDIS plans from 3 October 2024.
There is a transitional rule allowing participants to continue to access supports that are not NDIS supports if they were specifically identified as reasonable and
necessary before 3 October 2024, for the duration of their existing plan.
This also includes situations where the Administrative Appeals Tribunal has decided that the support should be funded as a reasonable and necessary support.
This rule does not apply to sexual services, alcohol or drugs. These supports are specified in the primary Act as non-NDIS supports.
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NDIS participants will continue to receive the disability-related supports they need. However
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, the NDIS was not designed to pay for the cost of everyday
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expenses.
Find more information on the supports lists .
How can I provide feedback or raise concerns about the changes to my support?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator.
You can also contact us.
It is likely that many participants will accidentally or unknowingly use their funding on something not classified as an
NDIS support. What will happen to them, will there be a transition period to help people to adjust to the changes?
We know it will take time for people to learn about and understand the new NDIS support lists and we’ve heard participants’ concerns about what may happen if
someone accidentally buys something which is not an NDIS support.
That’s why there will be a transition period for the first year (12 months) to help people to understand the new NDIS Supports lists.
We will work with participants who make mistakes to make sure that they understand the NDIS supports lists.
What if I make a mistake and accidentally purchase a support that’s on the ‘out’ list?
A person who makes a mistake and claims an item which is not an NDIS support will not have a debt raised for first or second mistakes made in claiming where
the support is worth less than $1,500.
This means the NDIA must contact participants twice to explain what is and is not an NDIS support before any debt of less than $1,500 is raised against them.
This rule applies to all participants (including participants who self-manage their funding), nominees and child -representative for a 12-month period
commencing from 3 October 2024.
For NDIS providers, it applies for 30 days.
This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
If incorrect claims are repeated or fraudulent, we may take further action.
Firmer actions can include raising a debt or moving the participant onto an Agency-managed plan.
What happens with purchases over $1500?
In the situation where the cost is above $1500 the transitional rule does not apply, and a debt will be raised.
However, it is important to note that any debts related to purchases for $1,500 or more for non-NDIS supports can be written off or waived under the existing
provisions of the NDIS Act.
This includes waiver under section 195, which has been updated to allow a debt to be waived in ‘special circumstances’ if the participant unintentionally or
unknowingly breaches the Act, regulations, or rules.
It also allows consideration of the participant’s disability as part of a holistic assessment of whether special circumstances exist.
If a debt arises for payments made for non-NDIS supports, it will only be recovered when it is appropriate to do so in line with the Commonwealth policy on debt
recovery.
The NDIA will keep using a structured process for debt management, focusing on compliance and audit activities on repeated or intentional non-compliance.
We’ll always consider the individual circumstances, with education and support being the first consideration, particularly during the transition period.
This isn’t about trying to catch people out – we know participants want to do the right thing.
NDIA ‘Safety Net’ for debt
The NDIA has put in place a process that means if the Agency was ever to pursue a debt against a participant (in relation to section 10) – the NDIA CEO would
need to sign off this decision first.
This safety net is in place to ensure that raising any debt (in relation to section 10) against a participant would be an absolute last resort and such a decision
would never be automated, rather it would not proceed without thoughtful consideration at the most senior level of the Agency.
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Purchases or provision of supports prior to 3 October 2024
Please note that the new requirement to spend NDIS amounts only on NDIS supports does not apply to any support with a service or purchase date before 3
October.
If people have made a purchase or booking for an item that is not an NDIS support before this date, they can make a claim for any cancellation fee.
This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
What if evidence from my treating professional states I need a support on the 'out' list?
If you think an item that isn’t a NDIS support is better for you, you can ask to substitute that support.
Only some supports can be replaced.
You can only spend your funding on a substitution if we have agreed in writing that you can buy this support.
There are a few criteria that must be met before we can approve this.
The Rules say which types of supports can be replaced.
The substituted support must also:
replace one or more supports that are NDIS supports
be the same price or cheaper than the NDIS support it is replacing, and
be likely to provide the same or better outcomes than the NDIS supports it is replacing.
You can view the NDIS supports on Our Guidelines website.
What is a replacement support?
In some specific circumstances, we can fund supports that are not NDIS supports.
We call these replacement supports.
When we say replacement support, we mean the service, item or equipment you would like to use instead of the NDIS support or supports in your plan.
Only some supports can be replaced and only if we agree in writing can you buy this support.
A replacement support isn’t an extra support. It replaces an existing NDIS support or supports in your plan.
To find out what can be considered as a replacement support, see What does NDIS fund?
When would a replacement support be requested?
We know that every participant has their own unique needs, and in specific circumstances a participant might need to use their funding for a support that is not a
NDIS support.
Participants can ask for a NDIS support to be replaced with certain non-NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports.
This will enable participants to request a replacement of their existing support with a support that is not a NDIS support.
This may occur in circumstances where a standard item might provide better outcomes and cost the same or less than a NDIS Support.
A replacement support may include household items, or very specific items that support a participant’s unique accessibility or communication needs.
Replacement supports must be from this pre-approved replacement supports list.
Applications can be made for the items specified below:
Standard commercially available household items
Smart watches
Tablets
smart phones
apps for accessibility/communication purposes
For more information about replacement supports including how to apply for them, see What does NDIS fund?
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What’s the process for a replacement support?
To get a replacement support approved, the Agency needs to be satisfied the replacement support will provide the same or better outcomes and cost the same
or less than another NDIS support that is already in the participant’s plan.
Participants must apply for and receive approval of a replacement support before purchasing the support.
It cannot be done after purchasing a non-NDIS support.
Participants can fill out an application for a replacement support on the NDIS website or provide the same information in an email or over the phone.
If your application for a replacement support for an item is not approved, you can’t apply for that same replacement support again for 12 months.
Replacement support example
The NDIS is not designed to fund items such as an iPad or Apple watch.
However, should a participant know that they are able to communicate with their loved ones or a worker by using an iPad – rather than a specialist and more
costly piece of equipment – then they can request the Agency to fund this.
The NDIA will then consider this request and may well say ‘Yes, absolutely that makes sense – so we will fund that on this occasion’.
That’s a really clear example of replacing a more expensive item with a better, more cost-effective solution.
This just makes sense.
It’s important to note the list of replacement supports won’t apply for every participant.
The funding of a replacement support will only benefit some participants, who due to their unique circumstances, are clearly able to demonstrate that a specific
item or support, will benefit them and provide a better, more cost-effective option.
Is there someone I can ask at the NDIA to check that I am doing the right thing?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator to help you understand what supports you can buy.
You can also contact us.
How will the NDIA ensure this process is easy and accessible?
We are committed to ensuring that all communications about the Government changes are accessible to everyone.
That's why we are working with the sector and our suppliers to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats, including Easy Read documents,
animations/videos and Auslan.
An important part of our website accessibility is that content can be easily accessed, including for those using screen readers.
We are working with the sector to develop and test messaging and agile approaches to producing accessible content.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
Why is the change to Section 10 of the NDIS Act 2013 necessary?
We have heard consistently, particularly from participants self-managing their supports, that it is not clear what they can spend their funding on.
Making it clear what the NDIS does, and does not, fund will help participants make more informed choices about what they can use their funds for.
The proposed amendments to Section 10 of the NDIS Act enable the creation of new rules (Category A) that outline what is and is not an NDIS support.
It's going to take some time to make a Category A rule. We'll work closely with the disability community and state and territory governments to understand what
should and shouldn’t be included.
In the interim, the Minister may create a transitional NDIS Supports rule. This will be in place as soon as the instrument is created and will have effect until the
new Category A NDIS supports rule is agreed.
Is Short Term Accommodation (STA) an NDIS support?
Yes, short term accommodation (STA) is included in the 'supports that are NDIS supports' list.
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How does STA work?
STA is designed to help informal supports continue their caring role. It is one option that provides participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA allows participants to stay away from their homes and informal supports for a short time. It can be funded for up to 14 days at a time to a maximum of 28
days per calendar year.
STA funding can be used for assistance with self-care or community access and short-term accommodation. It cannot be used to pay for day-to-day living costs
such as food and groceries, lifestyle costs or travel.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Providers offering STA in a centre or group residence may include meals and activities within the daily rate charged – in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements
and Price Limits – however these cannot be included if the participant choses to use STA in an individual setting.
We know there are still some questions about what can be claimed under STA, particularly if you want to use a hotel or other accommodation options. A new
operational guideline about STA will be available in early 2025 with more information.
We will keep you updated on any changes, and further information will be shared when it is available.
How is STA funded?
STA is funded in a participant's core budget if it relates to their disability support needs, and where it is reasonable and necessary.
It does not need to be stated in a participant's plan.
Participants can access STA as part of the 'assistance with daily life tasks in a group or shared living arrangement' category on the NDIS supports list.
The NDIS funds standard rates for STA, which are available in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
Generally funding for STA is for a group price, unless there is evidence that a participant needs individual support.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Does STA cover the cost of transport?
Participants cannot use STA funding to pay for transport to the accommodation funded through STA.
If a participant wants to access STA supports far away from their usual home, the cost of the travel is a day-to-day living cost they are expected to pay for
separately. Participants should consider this when choosing an STA option that is right for them. Some participants may have funding for transport to an activity
or other support already in their plan. If a participant usually needs transport support because of their disability, their provider may include the cost of transport
from the accommodation to activities they provide.
Can STA be used for holidays?
No. STA is not for holidays or tourist travel. It is designed to provide participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
NDIS funding can’t be used to pay for:
cruises, holiday packages, holiday accommodation and airfares, passports, visas, or travel and vehicle insurance
accommodation or travel expenses for family members or support workers
theme parks, music, theatre, cinema, sporting events, and conferences
day-to-day living costs such as food or meals. In some cases, your provider may include meals as part of your STA in a centre or group setting. The NDIS funds
standard rates for STA, so you may need to negotiate these costs with your provider. Once you have used your STA funding, you can’t ask us for more. You can
find the rates in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
If a participant requires support while on holiday, they can continue to use their usual non-STA supports from their NDIS plan.
Participants should speak with their support coordinator, local area coordinator, early childhood partner or planner if they are going on a holiday and need their
NDIS supports delivered in another location.
Is STA available for participants in Supported Independent Living or living alone?
No. This is because if a participant is living alone or in a supported independent living arrangement, they already have time apart from family and informal
supports.
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What are the impacts on individualised living options (ILO) in relation to rent and rental subsidies?
An ILO arrangement should be delivered in line with the ILO guideline . ILO is a package of supports to help a participant live in their chosen home
environment in a way that best suits them. It does not fund the home itself.
An ILO includes an agreed ILO service proposal and is overseen by a provider. An ILO does not include a participant’s rent or mortgage payments, or everyday
costs like food, electricity or internet bills.
If participants are living with people who offer them support throughout their day or week, and who have ILO funding in their plan and an ILO arrangement in
place, the changes to Section 10 in the Amended NDIS Act (NDIS supports) will not impact payments for these supports. The supports provided must be in line
with the participant’s ILO service proposal and the ILO Operational Guidelines and Section 10 requirements for NDIS supports .
The new NDIS transitional rules covering these supports align with existing ILO policy. They aim to ensure participants are not using their NDIS funding to pay
for their rental costs and are using their NDIS funding to purchase NDIS supports under an agreed ILO arrangement.
Participants, their families and supporters interested in considering ILO arrangements should contact the NDIS or a local area coordinator for more information.
A new policy on ILO will be developed through co-design and released mid 2025.
Is animal therapy an NDIS support?
Animal-assisted therapy can be an NDIS support - therapeutic support
Animal-assisted therapy is not the same as ‘animal therapy’. Animal-assisted therapists may use an animal to play a role in a goal-directed, structured
intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to engage in therapy.
Animals can be used as therapy tools, just like a board game, Lego, or a swing could also be used as a tool in a therapy session.
For example, a psychologist or counsellor may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to calm, focus or regulate whilst the
counselling/psychology session is undertaken.
An occupational therapist may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to participate in an activity such as walking, standing, balancing etc. In
these interventions, the animal may be used by the therapist to help the client meet specific goals but the therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied
health professional, with the animal used to support participation.
Animal therapy is not an NDIS support.
Activities which are provided for people to have a positive experience with an animal such as engaging with puppies or riding a horse might be called ‘animal
therapy’ by the provider of the service.
Recreational, sporting or social activities involving animals could also be called animal therapy.
These activities are not animal-assisted therapeutic interventions and are not NDIS Supports, even if the provider of the service is an allied health professional.
What about supports to participate in social and recreational opportunities that include animals?
The NDIA and NDIS acknowledges that NDIS participants may engage in programs that include animals to provide sporting, social and recreational
opportunities for people with disabilities, and capacity building support.
This may include for example, participation in horse riding.
If NDIS participants need extra help to participate in horse riding activities because of their disability, the extra help can be funded in their plan.
This extra help could be a support worker or assistive products that help the participant engage in the activity when it is happening.
Participants might also use their therapy supports budget to work with a therapist to build their skills to do the sporting, social or recreational activity more
independently in the future.
NDIS participants will still need to pay for the general costs of their sporting, social or recreational activities as these are costs that everyone must pay for these
kinds of activities.
For example, everyone who wants an activity delivered to them has to pay for that activity themselves whether or not they have a disability.
This is the same whether the activity includes an animal or not. Participants cannot use their NDIS funding to pay for the costs of other sporting, recreational or
social activities like surfing lessons, basketball, art classes or gaming.
The bans on therapy supports like 'gaming therapy' or 'yoga therapy', does that include social group programs which
include these strategies?
Noting also that most therapists utilise some type of games in therapy sessions as standard practice, as part of building various skills.
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Supports that provide evidence-based therapy to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
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personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
What about if my activity is delivered through a disability-specific group or centre-based program?
If your activity is being delivered through a group and centre-based program and the costs of the activity and the support you need are fully covered by the
hourly rate charged by the provider in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements, you can purchase your group and centre-based program using your NDIS funds.
If your group and centre-based program does not cover the costs of an activity within the hourly rate they charge to support you in that activity then you will
need to pay for the cost of the activity yourself.
For example, if your group and centre-based program goes bowling and the cost of bowling is not covered by the approved hourly rate then you need to pay for
these costs yourself.
Is Lego therapy included on the out list? Do delegates have clarity about therapy supports and which supports are
allowed?
Supports that provide evidence-based therapy, to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence-based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional or appropriately qualified professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
Activities that are delivered without a best quality evidence-base and/or by people who are not appropriately qualified to develop and deliver therapy are not
funded as therapeutic supports.
You can find more information about alternative and complementary therapies that are not evidence-based at What does NDIS fund?
Training on all legislative changes is being delivered to all delegates. Guidance for delegates has also been updated across NDIA systems.
Can NDIS funding be used to purchase pet insurance for assistance animals?
NDIS funding can be used to buy an assistance animal and pay for most of its associated costs when approved by the NDIA.
However, funding cannot be used to pay for pet insurance for an assistance animal. More information about assistance animals is available in Our Guideline –
Assistance animals .
NDIS funding can’t be used to buy pets or companion animals, or to pay for any pet or companion animal related costs including:
Pet food, toys or accessories
Veterinarian costs
Pet boarding
Pet grooming
Pet insurance
Taxidermy and pet cremations, burials or funerals.
Is specialised driver training an NDIS support?
The NDIS supports list describes that driver training with a specialised vehicle driving instructor can be funded for eligible participants.
A specialised vehicle driving instructor is someone who has experience and training in providing driving instruction to people with disability and is registered or
licensed to be a driving instructor in the relevant State or Territory.
The information available in current operational guidance remains applicable.
Our Guideline – Vehicle modifications and driving supports describes the range of driver supports that may be funded:
A driver trained occupational therapist assessment and a driving instructor for the on-road part of the assessment, if a participant plans to drive the vehicle.
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Specialised driving lessons - additional driving lessons where a participant’s disability impacts their ability to learn to drive.
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Are disability specific bicycles, including electric bicycles, considered an NDIS support?
Yes. Bicycles or tricycles, with or without an electric motor, that include disability specific features, or have been designed to meet the disability specific needs of
a participant, are an NDIS support.
This is because they are considered an assistive product for recreation and can be funded if they also meet the ‘reasonable and necessary’ criteria applied to all
NDIS supports.
The costs associated with adapting or modifying a standard bicycle or tricycle to meet a participant’s disability specific needs may also be an NDIS support.
However, in these circumstances the participant, or their family, would need to self-fund the cost of the bicycle or tricycle that is being adapted or modified.
Standard, non-modified, bicycles or tricycles including electric bicycles are not NDIS supports.
In some specific circumstances, the NDIS may fund supports that are not listed as NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports. Electric bicycles are
not considered standard commercially available household items and therefore are not a support for which a replacement can be requested.
Are sexual services an NDIS support?
Under the laws of the NDIS sexual services can’t be funded.
Sexual services is not defined in the legislation but is given its ordinary meaning by the NDIA.
Sexual services are taken to include any sexual conduct undertaken with a participant for payment or reward, including direct physical activity between a
participant and another person for the purpose of sexual gratification.
This includes all services that may be provided by a sex worker.
The NDIS will continue to provide reasonable and necessary funding to participants to access the disability related supports and services they need.
This includes other sexuality related supports due to a participant’s disability, for example adaptive equipment, sex counselling and individualised sexual
education supports where reasonable and necessary.
How does the allowable NDIS supports list work?
The list of allowable NDIS supports is not exhaustive, meaning it does not exclude items that are not specifically listed.
The purpose of the list is to clarify the types of supports that fall under the overarching description.
It is important for participants to know that for something to be considered an NDIS support, it must fit within the overarching description provided in schedule 1
(however it does not have to be specifically listed) and of course, must not be included in the non-allowable NDIS supports list.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by a worker with additional qualifications and
experience.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by
a worker with additional qualifications and experience. What does this mean?
You should ensure that the people providing your high intensity daily personal activity supports have relevant qualifications and/or training to deliver the support
to you safely and appropriately.
The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission provides guidance which describes the skills and knowledge that NDIS providers and workers should ensure
they have when supporting participants receiving high intensity daily personal activities.
You can find more information about this guidance on the NDIS Commission website .
Are modified fluids and thickeners NDIS supports?
Modified fluids and thickeners are NDIS supports. They are what we call disability-related health supports .
These include:
low-cost assistive technology – equipment, technology, or devices to assist with feeding and swallowing needs
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
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a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability
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.
Are dietetics/dietitians NDIS supports?
As an evidence-based therapy, dietetics is covered under ‘Therapeutic supports ’.
The list of supports detailed under each category in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports is not exhaustive.
The NDIS will fund dietetics where the participant needs this therapeutic support due to their disability and it meets the reasonable and necessary test.
The NDIS Pricing Arrangements 2024-25 (PAPL) includes dietetics under the ‘Capacity Building – Improved Health and Wellbeing’ category (pg. 81-82).
The PAPL is currently being reviewed and will be updated to be consistent with current practice.
Would food processors and aerators be considered exemptions to the supports that are not NDIS supports list?
Based on the NDIS Transitional Rules 2024, food processers, including the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water,
such as a soda stream, are not NDIS supports.
These are classed as a day-to-day living costs.
What are dysphagia supports?
Dysphagia supports are what we call disability-related health supports. Generally, if a participant has dysphagia which is ongoing and directly related to their
disability, we can fund dysphagia supports for them. We will need evidence to support this, such as reports or assessments from a speech pathologist.
Dysphagia supports we may fund include:
low-cost assistive technology – this means equipment, technology, or devices to help you eat and drink
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability.
To help you manage dysphagia, we may also fund a speech pathologist to:
make a mealtime management plan, sometimes called an oral eating and drinking care plan, which describes how you can eat and drink safely
train your support workers, family or carers in your specific disability-related dysphagia support needs.
Based on the NDIS support transitional rules, either the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water, such as a soda stream,
would not be an NDIS Support as it would be classed as a day-to-day living cost.
If the participant needs further information, they can contact their My NDIS Contact or Support Coordinator.
Can the NDIS fund meal preparation or delivery services?
Yes, the NDIS can fund the cost of meal preparation and delivery, but not the cost of food or ingredients. If your disability makes it difficult to prepare meals, you
can use your funding for supports like a support worker or meal delivery services.
Meal preparation and delivery services must provide itemised invoices separating the cost of food from preparation and delivery costs. Services like Uber Eats
or fast-food platforms typically don’t meet these requirements as they do not provide the necessary separation.
For detailed guidance, you can refer to Our Guideline – Nutrition Supports including meal preparation .
What if my support worker is unavailable or I live in a rural area?
If your plan includes funding for a support worker to help with meal preparation, and the support worker is temporarily unavailable, you can use this funding
flexibly for meal delivery for a short period.
This arrangement should be temporary, and you may need to provide evidence if it extends for a longer time. In rural areas, meal delivery providers must also
provide itemised invoices to meet NDIS requirements.
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Does the NDIS fund groceries, fast food, or dietary supplements?
No, the NDIS does not fund groceries, fast food, or takeaway services, as these are considered everyday living costs for everyone. Dietary supplements are
also generally not funded unless they are prescribed or recommended as part of managing a disability-related need.
For example, if a healthcare professional determines that your disability requires specific supplements, these may be considered under certain circumstances,
provided they meet the NDIS funding criteria.
How are decisions about meal preparation supports made, and what evidence is needed?
Decisions about funding for meal preparation supports are based on your individual plan and the NDIS funding criteria. If included in your plan, this may be as a
stated or non-stated support.
Providers must issue itemised invoices for meal preparation and delivery claims. While a quote is not usually required, if additional funding is sought or the
arrangement extends beyond a short-term period, evidence such as a recommendation or plan change request may be needed.
Are household items recommended by a qualified speech pathologist or APD on the Replacement supports list?
Standard commercially available household items are included on the Replacement support lists. Household items that are required, recommended by a
qualified speech pathologist or dietician, such as a blender to prepare a participant’s special diet would be considered a replacement item.
If a participant wishes to have these supports included in their plan they would need to apply using the Replacement support application process.
Are parenting programs funded by the NDIS?
The NDIS funds reasonable and necessary supports to help children with disability or significant developmental delay work towards their goals.
We can only fund supports that are included in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports. We can’t fund things are that are not an NDIS support.
The new rules clarify that the NDIS does not fund general parenting programs.
By general parenting programs, we mean programs available to all parents that help build parenting skills. This approach aligns with the guidance in place
before the new legislation took effect on 3 October 2024.
What early intervention or developmental delay supports are available to children and their parents?
Early intervention supports for children with disability or developmental delay focus on helping children, families, and carers work towards specific goals that are
identified in their NDIS plan.
Early intervention supports also build the family’s capacity alongside the child's. Parents and carers may participate in one-on-one, or group sessions with other
parents and carers who have similar goals within their child’s NDIS plan.
These programs are designed to build their capacity to maximise their child’s independence and development, by building the capacity and skills of the child’s
family and carers.
Parenting support can also be provided to people with disability who are parents through their NDIS plan. Where an NDIS participant who is a parent has
arrangements in their NDIS plan to support them in their parenting role because of their disability, those arrangements do not change.
Our Early Childhood Approach and Early Connections OGs outline how we help children with disability to get the support they need. We will continue to
update our guidelines as we implement legislative changes.
Is the art and music therapy independent review complete?
The independent review for art and music therapy is now complete.
We have received the final report from Dr Stephen Duckett AM.
We will consider his recommendations in the development of our operational guidance and NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits (PAPL).
The updated operational guidance will be published in the coming months. Dr Duckett’s report will be also published in full on our website, including key
information in Easy Read and Auslan.
Until the new guidance is released later this year, there are no changes to the status of music and art therapy as NDIS supports.
For more information refer to: Independent review of NDIS funded music and art supports | NDIS and the latest media release .
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Funding amounts, components, periods (s33) (new)
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What are funding periods?
A funding period is the time that part of a participant’s funding becomes available, and how long it needs to last. Participants can spend up to the amount of
funding available in that time. Funding periods can apply to either the total amount of funding in participant’s plan, or funding component amounts.
What is total funding amount?
Plans now include a total funding amount. This shows the total amount of funds allocated to all reasonable and necessary supports over the length of a
participant’s plan.
The funding is divided into funding components, like Core, Capacity building, or Capital. The total amount for each funding component will be made available to
you in specific time intervals called funding periods. Each funding component has its own funding periods.
What are funding components?
Funding components group together related types of supports in a participant's plan. Each component has an allocated amount that can be used to purchase
supports covered under that component.
For example, the Core funding component might include support for daily activities, while Capacity Building could cover therapies or training.
When are different funding periods being introduced and who will be affected?
Different funding periods are being introduced from 19 May 2025 to:
help make sure supports are available when participants need them
reduce the risk of running out of funds early.
This change will be rolled out gradually. Participants will not be impacted until they receive a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to
understand their circumstances.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives participants flexibility but also helps them manage their budget so their funding lasts the
full length of their plan.
Funding periods won’t change the total funding amount, they only change when participants can access their funds.
Why have different funding periods been introduced?
Different funding periods have been introduced to help participants manage their NDIS funding by providing access to regular, manageable amounts over time,
rather than all at once.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but also helps participants manage budgets.
This won’t happen until participants get a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to understand their circumstances.
Will the total amount of funding in a participant’s plan change?
No, funding periods don't affect a participant's total budget, only when funding will be made available across the duration of their plan
Can unused funding be rolled over to the next funding period?
At the end of each funding period, any unspent funds will rollover into the next funding period in the same plan. This means the unused funding will be added to
the new funding period. However, funds will only rollover during the same plan.
This approach ensures that support is available as needed over time.
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Can funding from a future funding period be brought forward?
Funding from a future funding period generally can't be brought forward.
In exceptional circumstances, the NDIA may bring forward a future funding period if there is an urgent need. This won't change the total amount of funding in the
plan, so careful budgeting is still needed to ensure there's enough funding to meet support needs later in the plan.
If a participant's situation has changed and they need more or different supports, they can contact the NDIA to request a change to their plan.
It's important for participants to ask for help early, before funds run out.
Why are funding periods generally 3-months?
Funding periods are more effective when set at a duration that is not over an extended period.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but isn't so big as not to be in line with budgets and/or funds
provided to people in other aspects of life.
Staged funding is a common approach across Australian Government programs. It means funding is provided in parts over time, rather than all at once.
This helps people manage their budgets and supports consistent use of funding over the length of the plan.
Other government payments like the age pension also use set funding periods.
How is the length of a participant’s funding periods decided? (new)
Funding periods can vary in length. They may be one, 3, 6, or 12 months, depending on the participant’s needs.
In most cases, the NDIS will begin with 3-month funding periods when discussing a participant’s plan.
The length of funding periods is based on the participant’s individual circumstances, including:
their preferences
their support needs
any identified risks
the total funding in their plan
the types and costs of supports
how they have used funding in previous plans
Some supports may require shorter funding periods, such as one month. Others, particularly those involving more complex needs, may require longer periods.
Can funding periods be different lengths in a participant’s plan? (new)
Yes, funding periods can vary in length within a participant’s plan. For example, a participant’s plan might have funding periods of one, 3, 6, or 12 months.
A participant may also have one funding component amount with 3-month funding periods and another component amount with shorter, one-month funding
periods.
Most plans will have more than one funding period. If a participant’s plan lasts longer than 12 months, they will always have more than one funding period.
Each funding period will start immediately after the previous one, ensuring the participant won’t be left without funding.
The participant’s plan will show whether funding periods apply to the whole plan or to specific funding component amounts. It will also list the dates each funding
period starts and ends as well as how much funding can be used during each period.
For plans that already have a 12-month funding period and are continued without reassessment, the 12-month funding period will remain the same. Participants
can continue using their funding as they currently do. Funding periods generally won’t change until the plan is reassessed.
When will a participant receive their funding? (new)
Funding is usually spread evenly across a participant’s plan to help manage supports throughout the length of their plan. For example, if a participant has a 12-
month plan with 3-month funding periods, they’ll typically get 25% of their funding at the start of each period.
Some supports may be funded differently:
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daily supports (like in-home care) consider the number of days in each period, including weekends and holidays.
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one-off or setup supports (like assistive technology, home/vehicle modifications, or medium-term accommodation) may be fully funded at the start or when
needed. Unused funds can roll over to the next period.
enteral feeding products are funded for 12 months at the start of each year.
Participants might also get more funding upfront for:
behaviour support planning
changing needs or situations (e.g. hospital discharge)
intensive capacity building
bulk buying consumables (e.g. continence products).
How are funding periods managed? (new)
Funding periods are managed based on the participant’s chosen plan management option, offering flexibility to suit individual needs:
Self-managed – the participant manages their funding and spends it according to their plan and within their funding periods.
Plan managed – a registered plan manager manages the participant’s funding and helps ensure it is used correctly within the funding periods.
Agency-managed – the NDIA manages the participant's funding, ensuring it is spent in line with their plan and within their funding periods.
Where possible, this approach ensures that participants can choose the plan management type that works best for them, while also ensuring funding is used
effectively across the funding periods.
How can providers help participants manage their budgets?
Support coordinators should work with participants at the start of their plan to establish a schedule of support that can be delivered within the funding allocated
to each period. This ensures that supports can be provided consistently throughout the funding period.
Plan Managers will support participants to spend in accordance with their plan including within funding periods.
Providers must only deliver supports that are within the available funding for each period, and claims should be submitted promptly after services are delivered.
How will participants and providers see funding periods?
Participants will be able to see their funding periods in the participant portal, the NDIS app, and their plan document. They will have access to information about
how much funding is available, how much has been used, and when the next amount will be available.
With the participant’s consent, Plan Managers and Support Coordinators will also be able to view this information in the provider portal.
Can a provider claim across 2 funding periods?
Yes, a provider can claim for services delivered in a previous funding period, as long as the dates of the invoice fall within the plan. The current funding period
must have sufficient remaining or unspent funds rolled over from the previous period to cover the claim.
What types of supports may have different funding periods?
Some supports may have different funding periods based on how they are delivered. For example, high-cost regular supports like Supported Independent Living
(SIL) may have monthly funding periods to align with service delivery. In some cases, participants may need more funding upfront, for example, to purchase
assistive technology like a custom wheelchair. In these cases, more funding will be available at the start of the plan.
Where can participants and providers see details of funding periods?
Funding periods will be visible in:
the participant portal
the my NDIS app
the plan document.
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Participants will be able to see:
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how much funding is available in each period
how much has been used
how much funding has been released in the plan so far
when the next amount will become available.
Plan managers and support coordinators (with the participant’s consent), can see funding period information in the NDIS provider portal.
Can participants request a review of a decision about the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan?
If a participant is not happy with the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan, they can request an internal review of their plan.
Why is capacity building not flexible with core?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
How will people who are Agency-managed have the same level of support and choice?
There are no changes regarding access to registered or unregistered providers as a result of the legislation changes.
We will help participants and nominees understand these changes and implement their plans. Participants can continue to access plan implementation support
from their My NDIS Contact or, support coordinator, plan manager or other services such as recovery coaches if they are funded in their plan. Plan managers
and support coordinators are expected to provide assistance to the participant to understand their funding options and choices.
If the participant needs additional assistance because of their supported decision making needs, they can ask for capacity building funding in their plan.
If participants want to access more flexibility with the ability to choose unregistered providers, they can have a discussion about their plan management type
with their planner or local area coordinator.
Each plan can continue to have a mix of plan management types based on an individual participant’s needs and preferences.
Training for NDIA staff on supported decision making has been designed and will begin to be delivered from November 2024. This will assist planners to
prioritise supported decision making when having discussions with participants.
Can a participant negotiate to 'unstate' a support during planning?
The purpose of stating supports in a participant’s plan is to ensure specific disability needs are addressed.
It is therefore not something that would generally be changed in the planning process.
Is there going to be enough flexibility in these arrangements to enable plans to work for people with volatile needs?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
Participants will continue to be able to make change requests when their circumstances change. This includes requesting a variation for crisis or emergency
funding as a result of a significant change to the participant's support needs.
As well as there being s10 rules around allowable supports in place, will there be any restrictions on choice of
registered providers for home and living supports?
The NDIS Provider and Worker Registration Taskforce recently provided advice to the Government on the design and implementation of a new regulatory
model.
The Taskforce made 11 recommendations and 10 implementation actions covering provider and worker registration, some of which required an immediate
response and others that will be designed with close consultation with the disability community. The Taskforce conducted thorough consultation, and this
important process will continue.
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The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission will progress Rule changes to mandate registration for support coordination, platform providers and SIL.
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Consultation on these changes will commence shortly. The new Rules will allow for a period of transition to the new mandatory registration arrangements.
Currently, if a participant’s plan is Agency-managed, there are some constraints in place, including that they must purchase from registered NDIS providers only.
Under the SDA Rules, SDA providers must also be registered.
Why do supports need to be listed in separate components?
A funding component amount in a plan might include funding for more than one support category. This means a participant can choose how to spend their
funding across all the supports under that funding component amount.
For example, in the same funding component amount we can include any funding for:
transport
consumables
assistance with daily life
assistance with social, economic and community participation.
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Why are new letters being sent to participants about the eligibility reassessment process?
We have made some immediate changes to improve the process for eligibility reassessment for participants, families and their carers.
We understand eligibility reassessments can feel overwhelming, and we want you to know what information is required to support your eligibility reassessment.
We have now introduced new eligibility reassessment letters which outline more detail about the types of information you may wish to provide.
This also gives you the opportunity to provide us with information we can’t reasonably get in a different way.
The new letters:
tell you an eligibility reassessment has started, and why
are clearer about the information you may wish to provide
tell you that you have 90 days to supply this information.
The new letters are the second step in our plans to address feedback from the disability community.
We will continue to streamline and simplify the eligibility reassessment process to ensure you can easily understand and navigate it.
If you need more time, you can call us on 1800 800 100 or contact us or your my NDIS contact for help.
What are the new timeframes to provide additional information and when does this change commence?
We have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional information to support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days.
This came into effect on 30 January 2025.
Participants who are notified about an eligibility reassessment will now be given 90 days to provide information to help us understand if their support needs have
changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
Will the timeframe extension apply if I am currently undergoing an eligibility reassessment on 30 January 2025?
Yes, participants who have already received a request to provide information due to their eligibility being reassessed and need more time, can contact us or their
my NDIS Contact for help.
What is the purpose of an eligibility reassessment?
Eligibility reassessments help us understand if a participant’s support needs have changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme,
particularly if they have received early intervention support through the NDIS Early Intervention pathway.
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The NDIS Early Intervention pathway is mainly accessed by children in recognition that when we support children early
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, it can improve outcomes and reduce
their need for supports later in life.
While eligibility reassessments have always been a part of the NDIS, we acknowledge the experience may be new for some participants.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
How does the eligibility reassessment process work?
We send a letter to a participant (or nominee) to let them know about the eligibility reassessment and that they can provide additional information.
We understand that it can take time to get this information. That’s why we have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional documentation to
support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days. If the information isn’t available in 90 days, the participant (or nominee) can ask for more time.
If we decide someone isn’t eligible or they don’t respond to our request within the timeframe, we may cease their access to the NDIS. But we will make multiple
efforts to contact you so we can talk to you about support needs.
Why is this changing?
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and it takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us. We recognise there is work to be done with participants and the disability sector to improve the
eligibility reassessment process.
We are working to strengthen our approach through:
better communication with participants and families about what is involved during an eligibility reassessment
providing more time for people to supply the agency with relevant information about their evidence of eligibility and whether it has changed
improving the communication and resources participants receive when they undergo the reassessment process.
Foundational Supports
Do the legislative amendments address foundational supports?
The amendments don't directly address foundational supports, the focus is on strengthening the overall framework of the NDIS.
This includes ensuring that necessary supports are available to participants, which may involve foundational supports being addressed indirectly as part of the
broader reforms and improvements to the Scheme.
Access (s21)
What are the changes to access?
New participants will be informed if they meet access to the NDIS by meeting the:
disability requirements (s.24)
early intervention requirements (s.25)
both the disability and early intervention requirements.
In the future, participants will be supported by the appropriate participant pathway, depending on how they meet access.
What will the changes to access mean for participants?
In the future, participants will be supported to have a more tailored planning experience and funding outcomes, depending on how they accessed the NDIS.
The impact of this change will happen later, once new pathways are created.
It will take time to create the new pathways, as we will work together with people with disability on how these can be best implemented to ensure the needs of
participants and the Agency are met.
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How do the changes impact early intervention?
People who meet access to the NDIS under the early intervention requirements will be supported by the new early intervention pathway once it’s created.
Notice of impairments (s32BA)
What is a Notice of Impairments?
Currently, all new participants to the NDIS receive an access decision letter which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early
intervention requirements, or both.
From 1 January 2025, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include
their category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
There are 6 impairment categories listed in the NDIS Act.
These are:
intellectual
cognitive
sensory
neurological
physical
impairments relating to a psychosocial disability.
The categories and their definitions are outlined in the operational guideline – Applying to the NDIS document available on the NDIS website.
For children younger than 6 years old who meet the criteria for developmental delay, the information will say they are eligible under the early intervention
requirements with developmental delay.
Why is the NDIS introducing Notice of Impairments?
Providing this information to participants gives them clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements.
It responds to NDIS Review recommendations, and requests from participants to have more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access to the
NDIS.
This approach also recognises that people with disability who have the same diagnosis may have different impairments and support needs.
What does it mean for me as a new participant (application submitted on or after 1 January 2025)?
Currently, all new participants receive an access decision letter, which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early intervention
requirements, or both.
From 1 January, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include their
category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
What does it mean for me as an existing participant?
As an existing participant, there is nothing you need to do right now.
We will work with existing participants to make sure they have the information they need ahead of any changes.
What happens if I want to change my category/categories?
A participant, or their nominee, can apply to vary their impairment category at any time after meeting access if it is not, or is no longer, correct.
The type of evidence that is required to support an application will depend on the reason the participant is seeking to vary the information and the evidence that
has already been provided.
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If the NDIA varies the impairment category, this will be reflected in the participant’s information. If a participant does not agree with the NDIA's decision to vary or
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not to vary their impairment category, they can ask for a review of the decision.
Support needs assessment (s32L)
What is a support needs assessment?
The NDIS Review recommended a different approach to planning to deliver better and fairer outcomes for NDIS participants.
This included the development of a new way to gather information about the support people need to inform their NDIS Budget, called a support needs
assessment.
A support needs assessment is a process that will be used to better understand a participant’s support needs in the future and develop their budget.
It will include a strengths-based assessment that will focus on a participant’s support needs rather than functional capacity.
Support needs assessments are a key step in the NDIS reform process to move toward a better way of planning.
In February 2025, the NDIA released an approach to market for support need assessment tools to support this process.
The NDIA understands the new ways of gathering information will significantly change participants’ experience and we will continue to talk with and listen to the
disability community every step of the way.
Read more about support needs assessment tools.
What's changing now?
For most participants, they will continue to have their plans developed using the current process for some time to come.
It will take 5 years for all participants to have their NDIS budgets developed in this new way. We are taking 5 years to make sure the transition isn't rushed and
we continue to learn and improve as we go.
We will continue to talk with and listen to people with disability, their families, carers and representatives as we progress through this year of design and testing,
and as we transition to the new way of working.
We will also keep letting everyone know where we are up to in the design and testing, so that the information is available to everyone.
What happens next?
February to April 2025
The first step is to work with people with disability to understand the best ways to collect information about peoples' support needs, and how to use this to build
a NDIS budget. People with disability will be involved in choosing the best ways to collect information. We already know that people want us to make this as
simple and easy as possible for people, so they don’t need to keep sharing personal information or retelling their story.
The second step is to agree how the NDIA will collect information, how to talk with participants about their NDIS budgets and how they can use it. This includes
agreeing how participants can provide information. We know there will be many areas we will need to work through with participants to make sure the system is
fair and equitable for people in different circumstances.
We are working with people with disability and disability representatives to design this and will have a proposed approach to share in April 2025.
April to September 2025
The third step is to test the new approach to gathering information and setting a person's NDIS budget to make sure it works well before we start using it. We
will include testing the new way of working with participants, without affecting their plans or budgets. We will keep listening and making improvements to the
process to reflect the feedback we receive.
From September 2025
We will gradually start working with participants to develop their NDIS budgets using the new approach. We will do this gradually so we can keep testing and
improving the way this works.
In this early stage, we will also build in additional checks to make sure the approach is working well, and that participants' NDIS budgets are fair and consistent.
We will start gradually to make sure the new approach works well for participants, and we will continue to learn and improve how to do this well - so we can
make the transition a smooth process for participants. We know these changes may create anxiety for people and we want to make the process as clear and as
simple as possible for people.
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Plan management decisions (s44)
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Can I still choose how my NDIS funding is managed?
Yes, you can ask for your plan to be managed in a way that works best for you. This is called a plan management request.
You can choose to:
self-manage your funding
use a plan manager to help you manage your budget
have your funding NDIA-managed.
We want to help you manage your funding safely and confidently. In some cases, if there is an unreasonable risk, we may need to change how your funding is
managed.
What has changed in how the NDIA makes decisions about plan management?
New rules now clearly define how we assess unreasonable risk when making plan management decisions.
If there are concerns about how your funding is managed by you, your nominee, a representative or plan manager, we will first look at ways to support you
before making any changes.
Extra supports such as guidance, safeguards or other strategies may be offered to help you stay in control of your funding.
A risk is only considered unreasonable if there are no supports that can help manage it.
If we decide to change how your funding is managed, we will:
talk to you first and explain our decision
give you the option to request a review if you don’t agree.
These changes are designed to help you stay in control of your funding while ensuring it is managed safely.
What does the NDIA consider when changing a plan management decision?
When the NDIA decides how plan funds are managed, they will consider if the participant, their nominee or child representative or registered plan manager:
spent funding on NDIS supports
spent funding in line with the participant’s plan
presents an unreasonable risk to the participant by managing their funding.
If risks are identified, the NDIA may not support a participant’s request to self-manage or use a registered plan manager.
What happens if a participant or their nominee have been convicted of a criminal offence?
The NDIA will consider if the participant or their plan nominee have had any major criminal convictions.
The participant’s funding will be Agency-managed if the participant or their nominee have been convicted of an offence that:
carries at least 2 years of prison
involves fraud or dishonesty.
This will apply to all new and reassessed plans where a new plan approval decision is being made.
Can a participant appeal a plan management decision implemented by the NDIA?
Participants can appeal a plan management decision.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
If a participant’s plan management type is changed, is the participant notified and given reasons why?
We know how important it is for participants to have the control, independence and flexibility in arranging and paying for their own supports through self-
management.
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The NDIA will talk to the participant about the risks and safeguards they have considered when making a plan management decision.
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Where possible, they will support the participant to work towards their preferred plan management type in the future.
Plan variations and reassessments (s47 and s48)
Can I request changes to my NDIS plan?
Yes, if your needs change, you can ask for an update to your NDIS plan at any time.
We will work with you to make sure your supports are updated appropriately.
There are 2 ways your plan can be updated:
Plan variations: small changes can be made without replacing your plan.
Reassessments: a full review of your plan, creating a new plan with a new end date.
We will always explain why a change is needed and work with you on any updates. If you don’t agree, you can request a review, and we will support you
through the process.
What has changed about how plans are updated?
From 4 March 2025, new rules will clarify when and how we can vary or reassess a participant’s plan.
These rules ensure:
consistent decision-making when plans need to change
a focus on your needs and goals when updating supports
more flexibility while protecting participant funding.
These changes do not affect your right to request a plan variation or reassessment. They simply make the process clearer and ensure updates are made in a
fair and transparent way.
Right to appeal decisions
Will participants have the right to appeal agency decisions that they are not happy with, for example changes to how
their plan is managed and the funding periods?
Participants can appeal a decision to approve a plan, which includes how the plan will be managed. They can also appeal a decision relating to funding periods.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
Can participants still review decisions made by the Agency?
NDIS participants have always and will continue to have the right to review their NDIS package and level of supports.
These legislative changes passed by Parliament do not change that right.
Providers
What is providers’ responsibility when delivering supports? (new)
Providers are responsible for delivering supports in line with the participant's plan. This includes confirming the participant’s plan has sufficient funding within
each funding period and support category to meet their needs.
This requirement has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
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How should providers schedule and claim for supports? (new)
Providers should schedule and claim for supports within the participant’s available budget and funding periods. Claims submitted within a funding period where
funds have been exhausted will be rejected.
If there are unspent funds within a funding period, these funds will roll over into the next funding period. This roll over ensures that participants can continue to
access supports if they did not fully use their funding in the previous funding period.
Can a provider claim across multiple funding periods? (new)
Yes. If a service spans multiple funding periods, providers are not required to lodge separate claims. As long as there is enough budget in both funding periods
to cover the full amount, a claim can be submitted for the entire service.
Claims will be processed based on the available budget, regardless of the support dates.
Why is it important for providers to avoid over servicing? (new)
Over servicing occurs when services are delivered beyond the allocated budget for a given funding period, with the expectation that the claim will be paid using
the next funding period’s allocation. While this may seem convenient, it creates risk. If a provider delivers more services than funded in a period, there may not
be sufficient funding to cover the participant’s support requirements for the duration of their plan.
Under NDIS legislation, claims exceeding the available funding in a support category in the current funding period cannot be paid.
To ensure both providers and participants are protected, it is essential to deliver services within the participant’s budget and funding periods. Avoiding over-
servicing, especially if funding is nearing its limit, ensures continuity of supports and prevents financial risks for participants and providers.
What if a participants’ needs change? (new)
Participants can request changes to their funding periods if their needs change, such as if they need more or less support. They will need to submit a plan
change request and provide information explaining why the change is necessary. The NDIS will review the request and where appropriate, work with the
participant to adjust their plan.
Plan variations
If a participant’s overall support needs haven’t changed, but they need to adjust how the funds are used over time (for example, to access a temporary increase
in funding for a program like intensive capacity building or early intervention), they may request a plan variation. This allows funds to be reallocated within the
current period, with less funding allocated to later periods.
This process does not require a full plan reassessment, but careful budgeting is necessary, as less funding will be available in later periods. The total funding
amount will remain unchanged.
In some cases, if a participant knows in advance that they will need additional support (such as early intervention), their plan can be frontloaded, giving them
more funding early on so they don’t need to return to the Agency if their needs change during the plan.
Plan reassessments
Plan reassessments are when we create a whole new plan with a participant, that has a new plan end date. Reassessments provide a more detailed review of a
participants plan if they have more significant changes to their current circumstances, to ensure funding and supports continue to meet their needs over time.
The process for requesting a change to a plan has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
Do claims need to be submitted within 2 years of support being provided? Is there a grace period?
Claims and payments (s45)
In the future, all claims must be made within 2 years of providing the support.
For the first 12 months the NDIA will review all claims made for supports provided before the new NDIS law comes into effect on 3 October 2024.
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How can providers register for community participation?
Providers can register by visiting the NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission website and following the registration process.
How do providers and plan managers claim replacement supports?
Providers and plan managers must not provide or claim a replacement support for a participant without evidence of approval.
For more information, visit claims and payments.
More information
If you have more questions about the changes to the NDIS, you can go to the Department of Social Services website .
Get involved
Join Participant First for opportunities to get involved.
This page current as of 27 June 2025
https://ndis.gov.au/changes-ndis-legislation/frequently-asked-questions-about-legislation
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DOCUMENT 2
Frequently asked questions about legislation
16/07/2025, 04:28
Frequently asked questions about legislation
On this page:
New
General
Transition, future changes and co-design
NDIS supports (s10)
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Foundational supports
Access (s21)
Notice of Impairments (s32BA)
Support needs assessment (s32L)
Plan management decisions (s44)
Right to appeal decisions
Providers
We regularly update our FAQs to ensure they provide the most accurate and up-to-date information.
New
New FAQs
New FAQ updates are located below in the following sections:
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Providers
Flexible and stated supports.
General
What will change on 3 October?
For existing participants, key changes include:
The introduction of a definition of NDIS supports. These are:
supports that can be funded by the NDIS and stated by the NDIS rules to be NDIS supports.
A replacement rule enabling participants to request a substitute or replacement support that is not an NDIS support (in individual circumstances).
Plans approved after the law comes into effect will have:
total funding amounts
funding component amounts
funding periods.
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This clarifies the amount of funds available in the plan and how long the funds need to last.
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The NDIA can consider changing a plan management type in specific circumstances;
For example, where someone needs support to manage and spend their plan funds within the funding amount.
Other changes will happen when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes:
the creation of new participant pathways
the new planning framework
support needs assessment
budget model and flexible budgets.
What won't be changing on October 3?
We want to reassure participants that for most, there won’t be major changes to the way they experience the NDIS right now.
What is not changing is the purpose of the NDIS.
The NDIS will continue to provide participants with disability-related supports.
What is the purpose of the new legislation?
The new legislation aims to:
Create the scaffolding needed to progress key NDIS Review recommendations in partnership with people with disability and the disability community.
Clarify the intention of existing legislation
How will the new legislation affect NDIS participants?
Participants may see changes in:
how their eligibility is assessed
the supports that can be funded by the NDIS
how their plans are managed
how their funding is allocated and needs to be spent
requirements for information gathering for eligibility reassessment.
What are NDIS Rules?
The NDIS Rules sit under the NDIS Act and provide details about how the NDIS operates.
States and territories are involved in the approval process for NDIS Rules.
Legislative instruments may be made by the Minister for the NDIS after consulting with affected stakeholders.
Many of the changes to the NDIS will be implemented through new NDIS Rules.
The new NDIS Rules will outline how people can access the NDIS, what assessments are needed, and how budgets will work.
Rules will be developed with people with disability, their families and carers and the disability sector.
What is a transitional rule?
A transitional rule is a rule that the Minister for the NDIS can make within the first 12 months of the legislation being passed, ahead of final rules being agreed
with states and territories.
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When will the changes take effect?
The new NDIS laws come into effect on 3 October 2024.
Some changes will happen as soon as the laws come into effect. These changes are about returning the NDIS to its original intent.
Other changes will happen later, when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes the creation of new participant pathways and the new planning framework –
support needs assessment, budget model and flexible budget.
Will there be consultation on these changes?
The changes were subject to consultation and consideration by the disability community, disability representative and carer organisations, the NDIS
Independent Advisory Council, states and territories and the Community Affairs Legislation Committee.
There will continue to be opportunities for consultation to shape how these changes are implemented. Those directly impacted by key decisions about the
Scheme will continue to play a key role in developing the detail and in implementing the reforms.
What is the new planning framework?
The new planning framework guides how the NDIS will operate. It explains how people can access the NDIS, how their needs are assessed, and how flexible
budgets are created.
Because of changes to the legislation, plans will be built differently in future. This means there will be 2 kinds of NDIS plans.
If your plan was developed through the current planning approach, this will be called an old framework plan.
If your plan is developed using the new assessment model, this will be a new framework plan.
English is not my first language. Will there be translated information about the NDIS legislation?
The NDIA is committed to ensuring all communications on legislative changes are accessible to everyone.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
The NDIA is working with the wider community to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats including:
Easy Read
Auslan
Braille.
Transition, future changes and co-design
What specific steps is the NDIA taking to ensure a smooth transition?
We are fully committed to ensuring we reach every person – including those who may live in more rural and remote areas or have unique accessibility or
language needs.
The NDIA has begun an extensive communications campaign designed to ensure our more than 660,000 participants, as well as their supporters, know what
they need to about changes to the NDIS Act.
The NDIA will continue to be clear on what is changing and when, so participants and their supporters can be assured that future changes will be supported with
transparency and communication.
How will the NDIA work with the disability community to ensure that the needs and concerns of participants are
addressed throughout the implementation of these changes?
It is essential people with disability continue to have a voice in how the detailed design is done and how the changes are implemented.
The NDIA has been delivering reform in partnership with people with disability and the disability community over the past 2 years.
This includes key partnerships with the Disability Representative and Carer Organisations and the Independent Advisory Council.
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Throughout July and August this year, the Agency’s Co-design Branch delivered 56 activities, including consultation on the legislative changes to come into
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effect on 3 October 2024.
We have learnt a lot from these activities and continue to improve the way we work together with the disability community.
In June 2024, the NDIA and disability organisations from across Australia shared a commitment to work together on reforms to the Scheme.
Working in partnership with the disability community remains the cornerstone of implementing change as we move forward.
Changes will be supported with transparency and communication.
What if there is a case for a support to get on the list? What do we do?
A NDIS Evidence Advisory Committee (EAC) will be established to provide independent and transparent advice to Government on what works for participants.
The Committee will provide advice on the evidence base for therapeutic supports accessed through the NDIS, improving outcomes and ensuring better value for
participants.
This will ensure the supports funded under the Scheme are beneficial, safe, evidence based and cost effective.
The work of the Committee will be an important input into the development of the final NDIS Support Rule which will be developed with the disability community
and States and Territories.
What will be co-designed going forward?
New co-design working groups have started meeting and will be steering a range of co-design and engagement activities including future changes to the NDIS
as a result of legislative change.
Key measures such as support needs assessments and budget models will be subject to ongoing co-design.
We will keep looking for new ways for people to have a voice and shape the work we do together.
NDIS supports (s10)
What are flexible and stated supports? (new)
In our new computer system, funding in NDIS plans is built at the support category level.
In your plan we describe NDIS support categories as flexible or stated, based on NDIS laws.
You must spend your funding in line with your plan.
Flexible support categories
Funding for NDIS supports included in the Core support category of the participant’s plan can be used flexibly when they are part of the same fund management
type .
Stated support categories
Stated supports have flexibility within the same support category. For example, Improved Daily Living Skills. This flexibility allows you to choose supports within
the category that best meet your individual needs. You can’t use them flexibly with other types of support categories in your plan.
Your plan may include information that describes what the support category budget is for. This is to help you understand the purpose and intention of what has
been funded in your plan. You still have the flexibility to use your funds for any support as long as its within that same support category, is an NDIS support, and
aligns with your individual support needs.
If you’re unsure about your stated supports, ask your my NDIS contact, support coordinator or recovery coach.
To learn more about what supports are stated and flexible, go to Factsheet: Support categories and Our Guideline - Your plan.
Example one
Lucy has a new NDIS plan with two types of funding: Agency managed and managed by a registered plan manager.
Agency managed Core supports:
$25,000 for Assistance with Daily Life
$10,000 for Social and Economic Participation.
Lucy can use these two budgets flexibly, meaning she can spend up to $35,000 total across both categories in the way that best supports her goals. For
example, if Lucy needs more support with daily life and less with social participation, she can adjust her spending to suit her needs.
Supports managed by a registered plan manager:
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$3,000 for Transport
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$2,000 for Consumables
Lucy and her plan manager can also use these budgets flexibly, combining them to spend up to $5,000 across both categories. This gives Lucy the freedom to
choose how much she spends on transport or consumables, depending on what helps her most.
Lucy can only combine budgets that are managed the same way. She can’t combine budgets that are Agency managed with those managed by a registered
plan manager.
Example 2
Lewis has a new NDIS plan. His plan is Agency managed.
He has $10,000 in his Capacity Building – Improved Daily Living budget. This is a stated support category, which means Lewis can choose how to use the
funding on supports that align with his goals and meet his disability support needs but can only use supports within that support category.
Lewis wants to improve his communication and daily routines. He decides to use his funding for both speech therapy and occupational therapy.
Because there is flexibility within this support category, Lewis can:
decide how to split the $10,000 between different types of therapy, such as speech therapy and occupational therapy
explore options, get advice, and decide what best supports his goals
change how he uses the funding during his plan if his needs change
only use the funds for supports that fall under the Improved Daily Living support category.
What is and is not a NDIS support?
From October 3 2024, the Government has released the lists of what NDIS participants can and cannot spend their funding on.
The lists include items that are NDIS supports and items that are not NDIS supports.
Participants who need specific items for their disability will still be able to access those items through these lists.
These lists are based on existing guidance, so in most cases there is unlikely to be any change to the supports a person is currently using.
There will be a transition period for the first year of the new NDIS supports lists to give participants time to learn and understand.
If you’re unsure, there are a few things you can do:
read the NDIS Supports list on the Our Guidelines website.
we'll also be sending a link to all participants
speak to your Local Area Coordinator, Early Childhood Partner or Support Coordinator
if you’re still unsure, call us on 1800 800 110.
How long will I get to change my supports after the legislation change?
From 3 October 2024 you must use your funding to purchase services, items and equipment that can be funded by the NDIS.
We will work with you to help you understand the new rules and access supports that are NDIS supports.
What if I am delivering supports/ accessing supports that are now on the non NDIS support list?
The Government has released definitions of NDIS supports making it clear what NDIS funds can and cannot be used for. These definitions are based on
existing guidance.
Lists of specific items that are allowable NDIS supports and those that are not allowed are on the NDIS website.
If a support is included on the list showing what is not an NDIS Support - it is not allowed to be funded from NDIS plans from 3 October 2024.
There is a transitional rule allowing participants to continue to access supports that are not NDIS supports if they were specifically identified as reasonable and
necessary before 3 October 2024, for the duration of their existing plan.
This also includes situations where the Administrative Appeals Tribunal has decided that the support should be funded as a reasonable and necessary support.
This rule does not apply to sexual services, alcohol or drugs. These supports are specified in the primary Act as non-NDIS supports.
NDIS participants will continue to receive the disability-related supports they need. However, the NDIS was not designed to pay for the cost of everyday
expenses.
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Find more information on the supports lists .
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How can I provide feedback or raise concerns about the changes to my support?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator.
You can also contact us.
It is likely that many participants will accidentally or unknowingly use their funding on something not classified as an
NDIS support. What will happen to them, will there be a transition period to help people to adjust to the changes?
We know it will take time for people to learn about and understand the new NDIS support lists and we’ve heard participants’ concerns about what may happen if
someone accidentally buys something which is not an NDIS support.
That’s why there will be a transition period for the first year (12 months) to help people to understand the new NDIS Supports lists.
We will work with participants who make mistakes to make sure that they understand the NDIS supports lists.
What if I make a mistake and accidentally purchase a support that’s on the ‘out’ list?
A person who makes a mistake and claims an item which is not an NDIS support will not have a debt raised for first or second mistakes made in claiming where
the support is worth less than $1,500.
This means the NDIA must contact participants twice to explain what is and is not an NDIS support before any debt of less than $1,500 is raised against them.
This rule applies to all participants (including participants who self-manage their funding), nominees and child -representative for a 12-month period
commencing from 3 October 2024.
For NDIS providers, it applies for 30 days.
This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
If incorrect claims are repeated or fraudulent, we may take further action.
Firmer actions can include raising a debt or moving the participant onto an Agency-managed plan.
What happens with purchases over $1500?
In the situation where the cost is above $1500 the transitional rule does not apply, and a debt will be raised.
However, it is important to note that any debts related to purchases for $1,500 or more for non-NDIS supports can be written off or waived under the existing
provisions of the NDIS Act.
This includes waiver under section 195, which has been updated to allow a debt to be waived in ‘special circumstances’ if the participant unintentionally or
unknowingly breaches the Act, regulations, or rules.
It also allows consideration of the participant’s disability as part of a holistic assessment of whether special circumstances exist.
If a debt arises for payments made for non-NDIS supports, it will only be recovered when it is appropriate to do so in line with the Commonwealth policy on debt
recovery.
The NDIA will keep using a structured process for debt management, focusing on compliance and audit activities on repeated or intentional non-compliance.
We’ll always consider the individual circumstances, with education and support being the first consideration, particularly during the transition period.
This isn’t about trying to catch people out – we know participants want to do the right thing.
NDIA ‘Safety Net’ for debt
The NDIA has put in place a process that means if the Agency was ever to pursue a debt against a participant (in relation to section 10) – the NDIA CEO would
need to sign off this decision first.
This safety net is in place to ensure that raising any debt (in relation to section 10) against a participant would be an absolute last resort and such a decision
would never be automated, rather it would not proceed without thoughtful consideration at the most senior level of the Agency.
Purchases or provision of supports prior to 3 October 2024
Please note that the new requirement to spend NDIS amounts only on NDIS supports does not apply to any support with a service or purchase date before 3
October.
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If people have made a purchase or booking for an item that is not an NDIS support before this date, they can make a claim for any cancellation fee.
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This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
What if evidence from my treating professional states I need a support on the 'out' list?
If you think an item that isn’t a NDIS support is better for you, you can ask to substitute that support.
Only some supports can be replaced.
You can only spend your funding on a substitution if we have agreed in writing that you can buy this support.
There are a few criteria that must be met before we can approve this.
The Rules say which types of supports can be replaced.
The substituted support must also:
replace one or more supports that are NDIS supports
be the same price or cheaper than the NDIS support it is replacing, and
be likely to provide the same or better outcomes than the NDIS supports it is replacing.
You can view the NDIS supports on Our Guidelines website.
What is a replacement support?
In some specific circumstances, we can fund supports that are not NDIS supports.
We call these replacement supports.
When we say replacement support, we mean the service, item or equipment you would like to use instead of the NDIS support or supports in your plan.
Only some supports can be replaced and only if we agree in writing can you buy this support.
A replacement support isn’t an extra support. It replaces an existing NDIS support or supports in your plan.
To find out what can be considered as a replacement support, see What does NDIS fund?
When would a replacement support be requested?
We know that every participant has their own unique needs, and in specific circumstances a participant might need to use their funding for a support that is not a
NDIS support.
Participants can ask for a NDIS support to be replaced with certain non-NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports.
This will enable participants to request a replacement of their existing support with a support that is not a NDIS support.
This may occur in circumstances where a standard item might provide better outcomes and cost the same or less than a NDIS Support.
A replacement support may include household items, or very specific items that support a participant’s unique accessibility or communication needs.
Replacement supports must be from this pre-approved replacement supports list.
Applications can be made for the items specified below:
Standard commercially available household items
Smart watches
Tablets
smart phones
apps for accessibility/communication purposes
For more information about replacement supports including how to apply for them, see What does NDIS fund?
What’s the process for a replacement support?
To get a replacement support approved, the Agency needs to be satisfied the replacement support will provide the same or better outcomes and cost the same
or less than another NDIS support that is already in the participant’s plan.
Participants must apply for and receive approval of a replacement support before purchasing the support.
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It cannot be done after purchasing a non-NDIS support.
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Participants can fill out an application for a replacement support on the NDIS website or provide the same information in an email or over the phone.
If your application for a replacement support for an item is not approved, you can’t apply for that same replacement support again for 12 months.
Replacement support example
The NDIS is not designed to fund items such as an iPad or Apple watch.
However, should a participant know that they are able to communicate with their loved ones or a worker by using an iPad – rather than a specialist and more
costly piece of equipment – then they can request the Agency to fund this.
The NDIA will then consider this request and may well say ‘Yes, absolutely that makes sense – so we will fund that on this occasion’.
That’s a really clear example of replacing a more expensive item with a better, more cost-effective solution.
This just makes sense.
It’s important to note the list of replacement supports won’t apply for every participant.
The funding of a replacement support will only benefit some participants, who due to their unique circumstances, are clearly able to demonstrate that a specific
item or support, will benefit them and provide a better, more cost-effective option.
Is there someone I can ask at the NDIA to check that I am doing the right thing?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator to help you understand what supports you can buy.
You can also contact us.
How will the NDIA ensure this process is easy and accessible?
We are committed to ensuring that all communications about the Government changes are accessible to everyone.
That's why we are working with the sector and our suppliers to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats, including Easy Read documents,
animations/videos and Auslan.
An important part of our website accessibility is that content can be easily accessed, including for those using screen readers.
We are working with the sector to develop and test messaging and agile approaches to producing accessible content.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
Why is the change to Section 10 of the NDIS Act 2013 necessary?
We have heard consistently, particularly from participants self-managing their supports, that it is not clear what they can spend their funding on.
Making it clear what the NDIS does, and does not, fund will help participants make more informed choices about what they can use their funds for.
The proposed amendments to Section 10 of the NDIS Act enable the creation of new rules (Category A) that outline what is and is not an NDIS support.
It's going to take some time to make a Category A rule. We'll work closely with the disability community and state and territory governments to understand what
should and shouldn’t be included.
In the interim, the Minister may create a transitional NDIS Supports rule. This will be in place as soon as the instrument is created and will have effect until the
new Category A NDIS supports rule is agreed.
Is Short Term Accommodation (STA) an NDIS support?
Yes, short term accommodation (STA) is included in the 'supports that are NDIS supports' list.
How does STA work?
STA is designed to help informal supports continue their caring role. It is one option that provides participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA allows participants to stay away from their homes and informal supports for a short time. It can be funded for up to 14 days at a time to a maximum of 28
days per calendar year.
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STA funding can be used for assistance with self-care or community access and short-term accommodation. It cannot be used to pay for day-to-day living costs
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such as food and groceries, lifestyle costs or travel.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Providers offering STA in a centre or group residence may include meals and activities within the daily rate charged – in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements
and Price Limits – however these cannot be included if the participant choses to use STA in an individual setting.
We know there are still some questions about what can be claimed under STA, particularly if you want to use a hotel or other accommodation options. A new
operational guideline about STA will be available in early 2025 with more information.
We will keep you updated on any changes, and further information will be shared when it is available.
How is STA funded?
STA is funded in a participant's core budget if it relates to their disability support needs, and where it is reasonable and necessary.
It does not need to be stated in a participant's plan.
Participants can access STA as part of the 'assistance with daily life tasks in a group or shared living arrangement' category on the NDIS supports list.
The NDIS funds standard rates for STA, which are available in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
Generally funding for STA is for a group price, unless there is evidence that a participant needs individual support.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Does STA cover the cost of transport?
Participants cannot use STA funding to pay for transport to the accommodation funded through STA.
If a participant wants to access STA supports far away from their usual home, the cost of the travel is a day-to-day living cost they are expected to pay for
separately. Participants should consider this when choosing an STA option that is right for them. Some participants may have funding for transport to an activity
or other support already in their plan. If a participant usually needs transport support because of their disability, their provider may include the cost of transport
from the accommodation to activities they provide.
Can STA be used for holidays?
No. STA is not for holidays or tourist travel. It is designed to provide participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
NDIS funding can’t be used to pay for:
cruises, holiday packages, holiday accommodation and airfares, passports, visas, or travel and vehicle insurance
accommodation or travel expenses for family members or support workers
theme parks, music, theatre, cinema, sporting events, and conferences
day-to-day living costs such as food or meals. In some cases, your provider may include meals as part of your STA in a centre or group setting. The NDIS funds
standard rates for STA, so you may need to negotiate these costs with your provider. Once you have used your STA funding, you can’t ask us for more. You can
find the rates in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
If a participant requires support while on holiday, they can continue to use their usual non-STA supports from their NDIS plan.
Participants should speak with their support coordinator, local area coordinator, early childhood partner or planner if they are going on a holiday and need their
NDIS supports delivered in another location.
Is STA available for participants in Supported Independent Living or living alone?
No. This is because if a participant is living alone or in a supported independent living arrangement, they already have time apart from family and informal
supports.
What are the impacts on individualised living options (ILO) in relation to rent and rental subsidies?
An ILO arrangement should be delivered in line with the ILO guideline . ILO is a package of supports to help a participant live in their chosen home
environment in a way that best suits them. It does not fund the home itself.
An ILO includes an agreed ILO service proposal and is overseen by a provider. An ILO does not include a participant’s rent or mortgage payments, or everyday
costs like food, electricity or internet bills.
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If participants are living with people who offer them support throughout their day or week, and who have ILO funding in their plan and an ILO arrangement in
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place, the changes to Section 10 in the Amended NDIS Act (NDIS supports) will not impact payments for these supports. The supports provided must be in line
with the participant’s ILO service proposal and the ILO Operational Guidelines and Section 10 requirements for NDIS supports .
The new NDIS transitional rules covering these supports align with existing ILO policy. They aim to ensure participants are not using their NDIS funding to pay
for their rental costs and are using their NDIS funding to purchase NDIS supports under an agreed ILO arrangement.
Participants, their families and supporters interested in considering ILO arrangements should contact the NDIS or a local area coordinator for more information.
A new policy on ILO will be developed through co-design and released mid 2025.
Is animal therapy an NDIS support?
Animal-assisted therapy can be an NDIS support - therapeutic support
Animal-assisted therapy is not the same as ‘animal therapy’. Animal-assisted therapists may use an animal to play a role in a goal-directed, structured
intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to engage in therapy.
Animals can be used as therapy tools, just like a board game, Lego, or a swing could also be used as a tool in a therapy session.
For example, a psychologist or counsellor may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to calm, focus or regulate whilst the
counselling/psychology session is undertaken.
An occupational therapist may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to participate in an activity such as walking, standing, balancing etc. In
these interventions, the animal may be used by the therapist to help the client meet specific goals but the therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied
health professional, with the animal used to support participation.
Animal therapy is not an NDIS support.
Activities which are provided for people to have a positive experience with an animal such as engaging with puppies or riding a horse might be called ‘animal
therapy’ by the provider of the service.
Recreational, sporting or social activities involving animals could also be called animal therapy.
These activities are not animal-assisted therapeutic interventions and are not NDIS Supports, even if the provider of the service is an allied health professional.
What about supports to participate in social and recreational opportunities that include animals?
The NDIA and NDIS acknowledges that NDIS participants may engage in programs that include animals to provide sporting, social and recreational
opportunities for people with disabilities, and capacity building support.
This may include for example, participation in horse riding.
If NDIS participants need extra help to participate in horse riding activities because of their disability, the extra help can be funded in their plan.
This extra help could be a support worker or assistive products that help the participant engage in the activity when it is happening.
Participants might also use their therapy supports budget to work with a therapist to build their skills to do the sporting, social or recreational activity more
independently in the future.
NDIS participants will still need to pay for the general costs of their sporting, social or recreational activities as these are costs that everyone must pay for these
kinds of activities.
For example, everyone who wants an activity delivered to them has to pay for that activity themselves whether or not they have a disability.
This is the same whether the activity includes an animal or not. Participants cannot use their NDIS funding to pay for the costs of other sporting, recreational or
social activities like surfing lessons, basketball, art classes or gaming.
The bans on therapy supports like 'gaming therapy' or 'yoga therapy', does that include social group programs which
include these strategies?
Noting also that most therapists utilise some type of games in therapy sessions as standard practice, as part of building various skills.
Supports that provide evidence-based therapy to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
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What about if my activity is delivered through a disability-specific group or centre-based program?
If your activity is being delivered through a group and centre-based program and the costs of the activity and the support you need are fully covered by the
hourly rate charged by the provider in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements, you can purchase your group and centre-based program using your NDIS funds.
If your group and centre-based program does not cover the costs of an activity within the hourly rate they charge to support you in that activity then you will
need to pay for the cost of the activity yourself.
For example, if your group and centre-based program goes bowling and the cost of bowling is not covered by the approved hourly rate then you need to pay for
these costs yourself.
Is Lego therapy included on the out list? Do delegates have clarity about therapy supports and which supports are
allowed?
Supports that provide evidence-based therapy, to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence-based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional or appropriately qualified professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
Activities that are delivered without a best quality evidence-base and/or by people who are not appropriately qualified to develop and deliver therapy are not
funded as therapeutic supports.
You can find more information about alternative and complementary therapies that are not evidence-based at What does NDIS fund?
Training on all legislative changes is being delivered to all delegates. Guidance for delegates has also been updated across NDIA systems.
Can NDIS funding be used to purchase pet insurance for assistance animals?
NDIS funding can be used to buy an assistance animal and pay for most of its associated costs when approved by the NDIA.
However, funding cannot be used to pay for pet insurance for an assistance animal. More information about assistance animals is available in Our Guideline –
Assistance animals .
NDIS funding can’t be used to buy pets or companion animals, or to pay for any pet or companion animal related costs including:
Pet food, toys or accessories
Veterinarian costs
Pet boarding
Pet grooming
Pet insurance
Taxidermy and pet cremations, burials or funerals.
Is specialised driver training an NDIS support?
The NDIS supports list describes that driver training with a specialised vehicle driving instructor can be funded for eligible participants.
A specialised vehicle driving instructor is someone who has experience and training in providing driving instruction to people with disability and is registered or
licensed to be a driving instructor in the relevant State or Territory.
The information available in current operational guidance remains applicable.
Our Guideline – Vehicle modifications and driving supports describes the range of driver supports that may be funded:
A driver trained occupational therapist assessment and a driving instructor for the on-road part of the assessment, if a participant plans to drive the vehicle.
Specialised driving lessons - additional driving lessons where a participant’s disability impacts their ability to learn to drive.
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Are disability specific bicycles, including electric bicycles, considered an NDIS support?
Yes. Bicycles or tricycles, with or without an electric motor, that include disability specific features, or have been designed to meet the disability specific needs of
a participant, are an NDIS support.
This is because they are considered an assistive product for recreation and can be funded if they also meet the ‘reasonable and necessary’ criteria applied to all
NDIS supports.
The costs associated with adapting or modifying a standard bicycle or tricycle to meet a participant’s disability specific needs may also be an NDIS support.
However, in these circumstances the participant, or their family, would need to self-fund the cost of the bicycle or tricycle that is being adapted or modified.
Standard, non-modified, bicycles or tricycles including electric bicycles are not NDIS supports.
In some specific circumstances, the NDIS may fund supports that are not listed as NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports. Electric bicycles are
not considered standard commercially available household items and therefore are not a support for which a replacement can be requested.
Are sexual services an NDIS support?
Under the laws of the NDIS sexual services can’t be funded.
Sexual services is not defined in the legislation but is given its ordinary meaning by the NDIA.
Sexual services are taken to include any sexual conduct undertaken with a participant for payment or reward, including direct physical activity between a
participant and another person for the purpose of sexual gratification.
This includes all services that may be provided by a sex worker.
The NDIS will continue to provide reasonable and necessary funding to participants to access the disability related supports and services they need.
This includes other sexuality related supports due to a participant’s disability, for example adaptive equipment, sex counselling and individualised sexual
education supports where reasonable and necessary.
How does the allowable NDIS supports list work?
The list of allowable NDIS supports is not exhaustive, meaning it does not exclude items that are not specifically listed.
The purpose of the list is to clarify the types of supports that fall under the overarching description.
It is important for participants to know that for something to be considered an NDIS support, it must fit within the overarching description provided in schedule 1
(however it does not have to be specifically listed) and of course, must not be included in the non-allowable NDIS supports list.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by a worker with additional qualifications and
experience.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by
a worker with additional qualifications and experience. What does this mean?
You should ensure that the people providing your high intensity daily personal activity supports have relevant qualifications and/or training to deliver the support
to you safely and appropriately.
The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission provides guidance which describes the skills and knowledge that NDIS providers and workers should ensure
they have when supporting participants receiving high intensity daily personal activities.
You can find more information about this guidance on the NDIS Commission website .
Are modified fluids and thickeners NDIS supports?
Modified fluids and thickeners are NDIS supports. They are what we call disability-related health supports .
These include:
low-cost assistive technology – equipment, technology, or devices to assist with feeding and swallowing needs
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability.
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Are dietetics/dietitians NDIS supports?
As an evidence-based therapy, dietetics is covered under ‘Therapeutic supports ’.
The list of supports detailed under each category in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports is not exhaustive.
The NDIS will fund dietetics where the participant needs this therapeutic support due to their disability and it meets the reasonable and necessary test.
The NDIS Pricing Arrangements 2024-25 (PAPL) includes dietetics under the ‘Capacity Building – Improved Health and Wellbeing’ category (pg. 81-82).
The PAPL is currently being reviewed and will be updated to be consistent with current practice.
Would food processors and aerators be considered exemptions to the supports that are not NDIS supports list?
Based on the NDIS Transitional Rules 2024, food processers, including the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water,
such as a soda stream, are not NDIS supports.
These are classed as a day-to-day living costs.
What are dysphagia supports?
Dysphagia supports are what we call disability-related health supports. Generally, if a participant has dysphagia which is ongoing and directly related to their
disability, we can fund dysphagia supports for them. We will need evidence to support this, such as reports or assessments from a speech pathologist.
Dysphagia supports we may fund include:
low-cost assistive technology – this means equipment, technology, or devices to help you eat and drink
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability.
To help you manage dysphagia, we may also fund a speech pathologist to:
make a mealtime management plan, sometimes called an oral eating and drinking care plan, which describes how you can eat and drink safely
train your support workers, family or carers in your specific disability-related dysphagia support needs.
Based on the NDIS support transitional rules, either the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water, such as a soda stream,
would not be an NDIS Support as it would be classed as a day-to-day living cost.
If the participant needs further information, they can contact their My NDIS Contact or Support Coordinator.
Can the NDIS fund meal preparation or delivery services?
Yes, the NDIS can fund the cost of meal preparation and delivery, but not the cost of food or ingredients. If your disability makes it difficult to prepare meals, you
can use your funding for supports like a support worker or meal delivery services.
Meal preparation and delivery services must provide itemised invoices separating the cost of food from preparation and delivery costs. Services like Uber Eats
or fast-food platforms typically don’t meet these requirements as they do not provide the necessary separation.
For detailed guidance, you can refer to Our Guideline – Nutrition Supports including meal preparation .
What if my support worker is unavailable or I live in a rural area?
If your plan includes funding for a support worker to help with meal preparation, and the support worker is temporarily unavailable, you can use this funding
flexibly for meal delivery for a short period.
This arrangement should be temporary, and you may need to provide evidence if it extends for a longer time. In rural areas, meal delivery providers must also
provide itemised invoices to meet NDIS requirements.
Does the NDIS fund groceries, fast food, or dietary supplements?
No, the NDIS does not fund groceries, fast food, or takeaway services, as these are considered everyday living costs for everyone. Dietary supplements are
also generally not funded unless they are prescribed or recommended as part of managing a disability-related need.
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For example, if a healthcare professional determines that your disability requires specific supplements, these may be considered under certain circumstances,
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provided they meet the NDIS funding criteria.
How are decisions about meal preparation supports made, and what evidence is needed?
Decisions about funding for meal preparation supports are based on your individual plan and the NDIS funding criteria. If included in your plan, this may be as a
stated or non-stated support.
Providers must issue itemised invoices for meal preparation and delivery claims. While a quote is not usually required, if additional funding is sought or the
arrangement extends beyond a short-term period, evidence such as a recommendation or plan change request may be needed.
Are household items recommended by a qualified speech pathologist or APD on the Replacement supports list?
Standard commercially available household items are included on the Replacement support lists. Household items that are required, recommended by a
qualified speech pathologist or dietician, such as a blender to prepare a participant’s special diet would be considered a replacement item.
If a participant wishes to have these supports included in their plan they would need to apply using the Replacement support application process.
Are parenting programs funded by the NDIS?
The NDIS funds reasonable and necessary supports to help children with disability or significant developmental delay work towards their goals.
We can only fund supports that are included in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports. We can’t fund things are that are not an NDIS support.
The new rules clarify that the NDIS does not fund general parenting programs.
By general parenting programs, we mean programs available to all parents that help build parenting skills. This approach aligns with the guidance in place
before the new legislation took effect on 3 October 2024.
What early intervention or developmental delay supports are available to children and their parents?
Early intervention supports for children with disability or developmental delay focus on helping children, families, and carers work towards specific goals that are
identified in their NDIS plan.
Early intervention supports also build the family’s capacity alongside the child's. Parents and carers may participate in one-on-one, or group sessions with other
parents and carers who have similar goals within their child’s NDIS plan.
These programs are designed to build their capacity to maximise their child’s independence and development, by building the capacity and skills of the child’s
family and carers.
Parenting support can also be provided to people with disability who are parents through their NDIS plan. Where an NDIS participant who is a parent has
arrangements in their NDIS plan to support them in their parenting role because of their disability, those arrangements do not change.
Our Early Childhood Approach and Early Connections OGs outline how we help children with disability to get the support they need. We will continue to
update our guidelines as we implement legislative changes.
Is the art and music therapy independent review complete?
The independent review for art and music therapy is now complete.
We have received the final report from Dr Stephen Duckett AM.
We will consider his recommendations in the development of our operational guidance and NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits (PAPL).
The updated operational guidance will be published in the coming months. Dr Duckett’s report will be also published in full on our website, including key
information in Easy Read and Auslan.
Until the new guidance is released later this year, there are no changes to the status of music and art therapy as NDIS supports.
For more information refer to: Independent review of NDIS funded music and art supports | NDIS and the latest
.
media release
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Funding amounts, components, periods (s33) (new)
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What are funding periods?
A funding period is the time that part of a participant’s funding becomes available, and how long it needs to last. Participants can spend up to the amount of
funding available in that time. Funding periods can apply to either the total amount of funding in participant’s plan, or funding component amounts.
What is total funding amount?
Plans now include a total funding amount. This shows the total amount of funds allocated to all reasonable and necessary supports over the length of a
participant’s plan.
The funding is divided into funding components, like Core, Capacity building, or Capital. The total amount for each funding component will be made available to
you in specific time intervals called funding periods. Each funding component has its own funding periods.
What are funding components?
Funding components group together related types of supports in a participant's plan. Each component has an allocated amount that can be used to purchase
supports covered under that component.
For example, the Core funding component might include support for daily activities, while Capacity Building could cover therapies or training.
When are different funding periods being introduced and who will be affected?
Different funding periods are being introduced from 19 May 2025 to:
help make sure supports are available when participants need them
reduce the risk of running out of funds early.
This change will be rolled out gradually. Participants will not be impacted until they receive a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to
understand their circumstances.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives participants flexibility but also helps them manage their budget so their funding lasts the
full length of their plan.
Funding periods won’t change the total funding amount, they only change when participants can access their funds.
Why have different funding periods been introduced?
Different funding periods have been introduced to help participants manage their NDIS funding by providing access to regular, manageable amounts over time,
rather than all at once.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but also helps participants manage budgets.
This won’t happen until participants get a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to understand their circumstances.
Will the total amount of funding in a participant’s plan change?
No, funding periods don't affect a participant's total budget, only when funding will be made available across the duration of their plan
Can unused funding be rolled over to the next funding period?
At the end of each funding period, any unspent funds will rollover into the next funding period in the same plan. This means the unused funding will be added to
the new funding period. However, funds will only rollover during the same plan.
This approach ensures that support is available as needed over time.
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Can funding from a future funding period be brought forward?
Funding from a future funding period generally can't be brought forward.
In exceptional circumstances, the NDIA may bring forward a future funding period if there is an urgent need. This won't change the total amount of funding in the
plan, so careful budgeting is still needed to ensure there's enough funding to meet support needs later in the plan.
If a participant's situation has changed and they need more or different supports, they can contact the NDIA to request a change to their plan.
It's important for participants to ask for help early, before funds run out.
Why are funding periods generally 3-months?
Funding periods are more effective when set at a duration that is not over an extended period.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but isn't so big as not to be in line with budgets and/or funds
provided to people in other aspects of life.
Staged funding is a common approach across Australian Government programs. It means funding is provided in parts over time, rather than all at once.
This helps people manage their budgets and supports consistent use of funding over the length of the plan.
Other government payments like the age pension also use set funding periods.
How is the length of a participant’s funding periods decided? (new)
Funding periods can vary in length. They may be one, 3, 6, or 12 months, depending on the participant’s needs.
In most cases, the NDIS will begin with 3-month funding periods when discussing a participant’s plan.
The length of funding periods is based on the participant’s individual circumstances, including:
their preferences
their support needs
any identified risks
the total funding in their plan
the types and costs of supports
how they have used funding in previous plans
Some supports may require shorter funding periods, such as one month. Others, particularly those involving more complex needs, may require longer periods.
Can funding periods be different lengths in a participant’s plan? (new)
Yes, funding periods can vary in length within a participant’s plan. For example, a participant’s plan might have funding periods of one, 3, 6, or 12 months.
A participant may also have one funding component amount with 3-month funding periods and another component amount with shorter, one-month funding
periods.
Most plans will have more than one funding period. If a participant’s plan lasts longer than 12 months, they will always have more than one funding period.
Each funding period will start immediately after the previous one, ensuring the participant won’t be left without funding.
The participant’s plan will show whether funding periods apply to the whole plan or to specific funding component amounts. It will also list the dates each funding
period starts and ends as well as how much funding can be used during each period.
For plans that already have a 12-month funding period and are continued without reassessment, the 12-month funding period will remain the same. Participants
can continue using their funding as they currently do. Funding periods generally won’t change until the plan is reassessed.
When will a participant receive their funding? (new)
Funding is usually spread evenly across a participant’s plan to help manage supports throughout the length of their plan. For example, if a participant has a 12-
month plan with 3-month funding periods, they’ll typically get 25% of their funding at the start of each period.
Some supports may be funded differently:
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daily supports (like in-home care) consider the number of days in each period, including weekends and holidays.
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one-off or setup supports (like assistive technology, home/vehicle modifications, or medium-term accommodation) may be fully funded at the start or when
needed. Unused funds can roll over to the next period.
enteral feeding products are funded for 12 months at the start of each year.
Participants might also get more funding upfront for:
behaviour support planning
changing needs or situations (e.g. hospital discharge)
intensive capacity building
bulk buying consumables (e.g. continence products).
How are funding periods managed? (new)
Funding periods are managed based on the participant’s chosen plan management option, offering flexibility to suit individual needs:
Self-managed – the participant manages their funding and spends it according to their plan and within their funding periods.
Plan managed – a registered plan manager manages the participant’s funding and helps ensure it is used correctly within the funding periods.
Agency-managed – the NDIA manages the participant's funding, ensuring it is spent in line with their plan and within their funding periods.
Where possible, this approach ensures that participants can choose the plan management type that works best for them, while also ensuring funding is used
effectively across the funding periods.
How can providers help participants manage their budgets?
Support coordinators should work with participants at the start of their plan to establish a schedule of support that can be delivered within the funding allocated
to each period. This ensures that supports can be provided consistently throughout the funding period.
Plan Managers will support participants to spend in accordance with their plan including within funding periods.
Providers must only deliver supports that are within the available funding for each period, and claims should be submitted promptly after services are delivered.
How will participants and providers see funding periods?
Participants will be able to see their funding periods in the participant portal, the NDIS app, and their plan document. They will have access to information about
how much funding is available, how much has been used, and when the next amount will be available.
With the participant’s consent, Plan Managers and Support Coordinators will also be able to view this information in the provider portal.
Can a provider claim across 2 funding periods?
Yes, a provider can claim for services delivered in a previous funding period, as long as the dates of the invoice fall within the plan. The current funding period
must have sufficient remaining or unspent funds rolled over from the previous period to cover the claim.
What types of supports may have different funding periods?
Some supports may have different funding periods based on how they are delivered. For example, high-cost regular supports like Supported Independent Living
(SIL) may have monthly funding periods to align with service delivery. In some cases, participants may need more funding upfront, for example, to purchase
assistive technology like a custom wheelchair. In these cases, more funding will be available at the start of the plan.
Where can participants and providers see details of funding periods?
Funding periods will be visible in:
the participant portal
the my NDIS app
the plan document.
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Participants will be able to see:
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how much funding is available in each period
how much has been used
how much funding has been released in the plan so far
when the next amount will become available.
Plan managers and support coordinators (with the participant’s consent), can see funding period information in the NDIS provider portal.
Can participants request a review of a decision about the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan?
If a participant is not happy with the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan, they can request an internal review of their plan.
Why is capacity building not flexible with core?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
How will people who are Agency-managed have the same level of support and choice?
There are no changes regarding access to registered or unregistered providers as a result of the legislation changes.
We will help participants and nominees understand these changes and implement their plans. Participants can continue to access plan implementation support
from their My NDIS Contact or, support coordinator, plan manager or other services such as recovery coaches if they are funded in their plan. Plan managers
and support coordinators are expected to provide assistance to the participant to understand their funding options and choices.
If the participant needs additional assistance because of their supported decision making needs, they can ask for capacity building funding in their plan.
If participants want to access more flexibility with the ability to choose unregistered providers, they can have a discussion about their plan management type
with their planner or local area coordinator.
Each plan can continue to have a mix of plan management types based on an individual participant’s needs and preferences.
Training for NDIA staff on supported decision making has been designed and will begin to be delivered from November 2024. This will assist planners to
prioritise supported decision making when having discussions with participants.
Can a participant negotiate to 'unstate' a support during planning?
The purpose of stating supports in a participant’s plan is to ensure specific disability needs are addressed.
It is therefore not something that would generally be changed in the planning process.
Is there going to be enough flexibility in these arrangements to enable plans to work for people with volatile needs?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
Participants will continue to be able to make change requests when their circumstances change. This includes requesting a variation for crisis or emergency
funding as a result of a significant change to the participant's support needs.
As well as there being s10 rules around allowable supports in place, will there be any restrictions on choice of
registered providers for home and living supports?
The NDIS Provider and Worker Registration Taskforce recently provided advice to the Government on the design and implementation of a new regulatory
model.
The Taskforce made 11 recommendations and 10 implementation actions covering provider and worker registration, some of which required an immediate
response and others that will be designed with close consultation with the disability community. The Taskforce conducted thorough consultation, and this
important process will continue.
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The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission will progress Rule changes to mandate registration for support coordination, platform providers and SIL.
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Consultation on these changes will commence shortly. The new Rules will allow for a period of transition to the new mandatory registration arrangements.
Currently, if a participant’s plan is Agency-managed, there are some constraints in place, including that they must purchase from registered NDIS providers only.
Under the SDA Rules, SDA providers must also be registered.
Why do supports need to be listed in separate components?
A funding component amount in a plan might include funding for more than one support category. This means a participant can choose how to spend their
funding across all the supports under that funding component amount.
For example, in the same funding component amount we can include any funding for:
transport
consumables
assistance with daily life
assistance with social, economic and community participation.
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Why are new letters being sent to participants about the eligibility reassessment process?
We have made some immediate changes to improve the process for eligibility reassessment for participants, families and their carers.
We understand eligibility reassessments can feel overwhelming, and we want you to know what information is required to support your eligibility reassessment.
We have now introduced new eligibility reassessment letters which outline more detail about the types of information you may wish to provide.
This also gives you the opportunity to provide us with information we can’t reasonably get in a different way.
The new letters:
tell you an eligibility reassessment has started, and why
are clearer about the information you may wish to provide
tell you that you have 90 days to supply this information.
The new letters are the second step in our plans to address feedback from the disability community.
We will continue to streamline and simplify the eligibility reassessment process to ensure you can easily understand and navigate it.
If you need more time, you can call us on 1800 800 100 or contact us or your my NDIS contact for help.
What are the new timeframes to provide additional information and when does this change commence?
We have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional information to support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days.
This came into effect on 30 January 2025.
Participants who are notified about an eligibility reassessment will now be given 90 days to provide information to help us understand if their support needs have
changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
Will the timeframe extension apply if I am currently undergoing an eligibility reassessment on 30 January 2025?
Yes, participants who have already received a request to provide information due to their eligibility being reassessed and need more time, can contact us or their
my NDIS Contact for help.
What is the purpose of an eligibility reassessment?
Eligibility reassessments help us understand if a participant’s support needs have changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme,
particularly if they have received early intervention support through the NDIS Early Intervention pathway.
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The NDIS Early Intervention pathway is mainly accessed by children in recognition that when we support children early
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, it can improve outcomes and reduce
their need for supports later in life.
While eligibility reassessments have always been a part of the NDIS, we acknowledge the experience may be new for some participants.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
How does the eligibility reassessment process work?
We send a letter to a participant (or nominee) to let them know about the eligibility reassessment and that they can provide additional information.
We understand that it can take time to get this information. That’s why we have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional documentation to
support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days. If the information isn’t available in 90 days, the participant (or nominee) can ask for more time.
If we decide someone isn’t eligible or they don’t respond to our request within the timeframe, we may cease their access to the NDIS. But we will make multiple
efforts to contact you so we can talk to you about support needs.
Why is this changing?
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and it takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us. We recognise there is work to be done with participants and the disability sector to improve the
eligibility reassessment process.
We are working to strengthen our approach through:
better communication with participants and families about what is involved during an eligibility reassessment
providing more time for people to supply the agency with relevant information about their evidence of eligibility and whether it has changed
improving the communication and resources participants receive when they undergo the reassessment process.
Foundational Supports
Do the legislative amendments address foundational supports?
The amendments don't directly address foundational supports, the focus is on strengthening the overall framework of the NDIS.
This includes ensuring that necessary supports are available to participants, which may involve foundational supports being addressed indirectly as part of the
broader reforms and improvements to the Scheme.
Access (s21)
What are the changes to access?
New participants will be informed if they meet access to the NDIS by meeting the:
disability requirements (s.24)
early intervention requirements (s.25)
both the disability and early intervention requirements.
In the future, participants will be supported by the appropriate participant pathway, depending on how they meet access.
What will the changes to access mean for participants?
In the future, participants will be supported to have a more tailored planning experience and funding outcomes, depending on how they accessed the NDIS.
The impact of this change will happen later, once new pathways are created.
It will take time to create the new pathways, as we will work together with people with disability on how these can be best implemented to ensure the needs of
participants and the Agency are met.
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How do the changes impact early intervention?
People who meet access to the NDIS under the early intervention requirements will be supported by the new early intervention pathway once it’s created.
Notice of impairments (s32BA)
What is a Notice of Impairments?
Currently, all new participants to the NDIS receive an access decision letter which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early
intervention requirements, or both.
From 1 January 2025, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include
their category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
There are 6 impairment categories listed in the NDIS Act.
These are:
intellectual
cognitive
sensory
neurological
physical
impairments relating to a psychosocial disability.
The categories and their definitions are outlined in the operational guideline – Applying to the NDIS document available on the NDIS website.
For children younger than 6 years old who meet the criteria for developmental delay, the information will say they are eligible under the early intervention
requirements with developmental delay.
Why is the NDIS introducing Notice of Impairments?
Providing this information to participants gives them clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements.
It responds to NDIS Review recommendations, and requests from participants to have more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access to the
NDIS.
This approach also recognises that people with disability who have the same diagnosis may have different impairments and support needs.
What does it mean for me as a new participant (application submitted on or after 1 January 2025)?
Currently, all new participants receive an access decision letter, which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early intervention
requirements, or both.
From 1 January, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include their
category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
What does it mean for me as an existing participant?
As an existing participant, there is nothing you need to do right now.
We will work with existing participants to make sure they have the information they need ahead of any changes.
What happens if I want to change my category/categories?
A participant, or their nominee, can apply to vary their impairment category at any time after meeting access if it is not, or is no longer, correct.
The type of evidence that is required to support an application will depend on the reason the participant is seeking to vary the information and the evidence that
has already been provided.
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If the NDIA varies the impairment category, this will be reflected in the participant’s information. If a participant does not agree with the NDIA's decision to vary or
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not to vary their impairment category, they can ask for a review of the decision.
Support needs assessment (s32L)
What is a support needs assessment?
The NDIS Review recommended a different approach to planning to deliver better and fairer outcomes for NDIS participants.
This included the development of a new way to gather information about the support people need to inform their NDIS Budget, called a support needs
assessment.
A support needs assessment is a process that will be used to better understand a participant’s support needs in the future and develop their budget.
It will include a strengths-based assessment that will focus on a participant’s support needs rather than functional capacity.
Support needs assessments are a key step in the NDIS reform process to move toward a better way of planning.
In February 2025, the NDIA released an approach to market for support need assessment tools to support this process.
The NDIA understands the new ways of gathering information will significantly change participants’ experience and we will continue to talk with and listen to the
disability community every step of the way.
Read more about support needs assessment tools.
What's changing now?
For most participants, they will continue to have their plans developed using the current process for some time to come.
It will take 5 years for all participants to have their NDIS budgets developed in this new way. We are taking 5 years to make sure the transition isn't rushed and
we continue to learn and improve as we go.
We will continue to talk with and listen to people with disability, their families, carers and representatives as we progress through this year of design and testing,
and as we transition to the new way of working.
We will also keep letting everyone know where we are up to in the design and testing, so that the information is available to everyone.
What happens next?
February to April 2025
The first step is to work with people with disability to understand the best ways to collect information about peoples' support needs, and how to use this to build
a NDIS budget. People with disability will be involved in choosing the best ways to collect information. We already know that people want us to make this as
simple and easy as possible for people, so they don’t need to keep sharing personal information or retelling their story.
The second step is to agree how the NDIA will collect information, how to talk with participants about their NDIS budgets and how they can use it. This includes
agreeing how participants can provide information. We know there will be many areas we will need to work through with participants to make sure the system is
fair and equitable for people in different circumstances.
We are working with people with disability and disability representatives to design this and will have a proposed approach to share in April 2025.
April to September 2025
The third step is to test the new approach to gathering information and setting a person's NDIS budget to make sure it works well before we start using it. We
will include testing the new way of working with participants, without affecting their plans or budgets. We will keep listening and making improvements to the
process to reflect the feedback we receive.
From September 2025
We will gradually start working with participants to develop their NDIS budgets using the new approach. We will do this gradually so we can keep testing and
improving the way this works.
In this early stage, we will also build in additional checks to make sure the approach is working well, and that participants' NDIS budgets are fair and consistent.
We will start gradually to make sure the new approach works well for participants, and we will continue to learn and improve how to do this well - so we can
make the transition a smooth process for participants. We know these changes may create anxiety for people and we want to make the process as clear and as
simple as possible for people.
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Plan management decisions (s44)
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Can I still choose how my NDIS funding is managed?
Yes, you can ask for your plan to be managed in a way that works best for you. This is called a plan management request.
You can choose to:
self-manage your funding
use a plan manager to help you manage your budget
have your funding NDIA-managed.
We want to help you manage your funding safely and confidently. In some cases, if there is an unreasonable risk, we may need to change how your funding is
managed.
What has changed in how the NDIA makes decisions about plan management?
New rules now clearly define how we assess unreasonable risk when making plan management decisions.
If there are concerns about how your funding is managed by you, your nominee, a representative or plan manager, we will first look at ways to support you
before making any changes.
Extra supports such as guidance, safeguards or other strategies may be offered to help you stay in control of your funding.
A risk is only considered unreasonable if there are no supports that can help manage it.
If we decide to change how your funding is managed, we will:
talk to you first and explain our decision
give you the option to request a review if you don’t agree.
These changes are designed to help you stay in control of your funding while ensuring it is managed safely.
What does the NDIA consider when changing a plan management decision?
When the NDIA decides how plan funds are managed, they will consider if the participant, their nominee or child representative or registered plan manager:
spent funding on NDIS supports
spent funding in line with the participant’s plan
presents an unreasonable risk to the participant by managing their funding.
If risks are identified, the NDIA may not support a participant’s request to self-manage or use a registered plan manager.
What happens if a participant or their nominee have been convicted of a criminal offence?
The NDIA will consider if the participant or their plan nominee have had any major criminal convictions.
The participant’s funding will be Agency-managed if the participant or their nominee have been convicted of an offence that:
carries at least 2 years of prison
involves fraud or dishonesty.
This will apply to all new and reassessed plans where a new plan approval decision is being made.
Can a participant appeal a plan management decision implemented by the NDIA?
Participants can appeal a plan management decision.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
If a participant’s plan management type is changed, is the participant notified and given reasons why?
We know how important it is for participants to have the control, independence and flexibility in arranging and paying for their own supports through self-
management.
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The NDIA will talk to the participant about the risks and safeguards they have considered when making a plan management decision.
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Where possible, they will support the participant to work towards their preferred plan management type in the future.
Plan variations and reassessments (s47 and s48)
Can I request changes to my NDIS plan?
Yes, if your needs change, you can ask for an update to your NDIS plan at any time.
We will work with you to make sure your supports are updated appropriately.
There are 2 ways your plan can be updated:
Plan variations: small changes can be made without replacing your plan.
Reassessments: a full review of your plan, creating a new plan with a new end date.
We will always explain why a change is needed and work with you on any updates. If you don’t agree, you can request a review, and we will support you
through the process.
What has changed about how plans are updated?
From 4 March 2025, new rules will clarify when and how we can vary or reassess a participant’s plan.
These rules ensure:
consistent decision-making when plans need to change
a focus on your needs and goals when updating supports
more flexibility while protecting participant funding.
These changes do not affect your right to request a plan variation or reassessment. They simply make the process clearer and ensure updates are made in a
fair and transparent way.
Right to appeal decisions
Will participants have the right to appeal agency decisions that they are not happy with, for example changes to how
their plan is managed and the funding periods?
Participants can appeal a decision to approve a plan, which includes how the plan will be managed. They can also appeal a decision relating to funding periods.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
Can participants still review decisions made by the Agency?
NDIS participants have always and will continue to have the right to review their NDIS package and level of supports.
These legislative changes passed by Parliament do not change that right.
Providers
What is providers’ responsibility when delivering supports? (new)
Providers are responsible for delivering supports in line with the participant's plan. This includes confirming the participant’s plan has sufficient funding within
each funding period and support category to meet their needs.
This requirement has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
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How should providers schedule and claim for supports? (new)
Providers should schedule and claim for supports within the participant’s available budget and funding periods. Claims submitted within a funding period where
funds have been exhausted will be rejected.
If there are unspent funds within a funding period, these funds will roll over into the next funding period. This roll over ensures that participants can continue to
access supports if they did not fully use their funding in the previous funding period.
Can a provider claim across multiple funding periods? (new)
Yes. If a service spans multiple funding periods, providers are not required to lodge separate claims. As long as there is enough budget in both funding periods
to cover the full amount, a claim can be submitted for the entire service.
Claims will be processed based on the available budget, regardless of the support dates.
Why is it important for providers to avoid over servicing? (new)
Over servicing occurs when services are delivered beyond the allocated budget for a given funding period, with the expectation that the claim will be paid using
the next funding period’s allocation. While this may seem convenient, it creates risk. If a provider delivers more services than funded in a period, there may not
be sufficient funding to cover the participant’s support requirements for the duration of their plan.
Under NDIS legislation, claims exceeding the available funding in a support category in the current funding period cannot be paid.
To ensure both providers and participants are protected, it is essential to deliver services within the participant’s budget and funding periods. Avoiding over-
servicing, especially if funding is nearing its limit, ensures continuity of supports and prevents financial risks for participants and providers.
What if a participants’ needs change? (new)
Participants can request changes to their funding periods if their needs change, such as if they need more or less support. They will need to submit a plan
change request and provide information explaining why the change is necessary. The NDIS will review the request and where appropriate, work with the
participant to adjust their plan.
Plan variations
If a participant’s overall support needs haven’t changed, but they need to adjust how the funds are used over time (for example, to access a temporary increase
in funding for a program like intensive capacity building or early intervention), they may request a plan variation. This allows funds to be reallocated within the
current period, with less funding allocated to later periods.
This process does not require a full plan reassessment, but careful budgeting is necessary, as less funding will be available in later periods. The total funding
amount will remain unchanged.
In some cases, if a participant knows in advance that they will need additional support (such as early intervention), their plan can be frontloaded, giving them
more funding early on so they don’t need to return to the Agency if their needs change during the plan.
Plan reassessments
Plan reassessments are when we create a whole new plan with a participant, that has a new plan end date. Reassessments provide a more detailed review of a
participants plan if they have more significant changes to their current circumstances, to ensure funding and supports continue to meet their needs over time.
The process for requesting a change to a plan has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
Do claims need to be submitted within 2 years of support being provided? Is there a grace period?
Claims and payments (s45)
In the future, all claims must be made within 2 years of providing the support.
For the first 12 months the NDIA will review all claims made for supports provided before the new NDIS law comes into effect on 3 October 2024.
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How can providers register for community participation?
Providers can register by visiting the NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission website and following the registration process.
How do providers and plan managers claim replacement supports?
Providers and plan managers must not provide or claim a replacement support for a participant without evidence of approval.
For more information, visit claims and payments.
More information
If you have more questions about the changes to the NDIS, you can go to the Department of Social Services website .
Get involved
Join Participant First for opportunities to get involved.
This page current as of 16 July 2025
https://www.ndis.gov.au/changes-ndis-legislation/frequently-asked-questions-about-legislation
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link to page 52 link to page 54 link to page 55 link to page 65 link to page 69 link to page 70 link to page 70 link to page 71 link to page 72 link to page 73 link to page 74 link to page 74 link to page 65 link to page 74
Frequently asked questions about legislation
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12/09/2025, 10:54
DOCUMENT 3
Frequently asked questions about legislation
On this page:
New
General
Transition, future changes and co-design
NDIS supports (s10)
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Foundational supports
Access (s21)
Notice of Impairments (s32BA)
Support needs assessment (s32L)
Plan management decisions (s44)
Right to appeal decisions
Providers
We regularly update our FAQs to ensure they provide the most accurate and up-to-date information.
New
New FAQs
New FAQ relating to funding periods are located below in the following sections:
Funding amounts, components, periods (s33)
Providers
General
What will change on 3 October?
For existing participants, key changes include:
The introduction of a definition of NDIS supports. These are:
supports that can be funded by the NDIS and stated by the NDIS rules to be NDIS supports.
A replacement rule enabling participants to request a substitute or replacement support that is not an NDIS support (in individual circumstances).
Plans approved after the law comes into effect will have:
total funding amounts
funding component amounts
funding periods.
This clarifies the amount of funds available in the plan and how long the funds need to last.
The NDIA can consider changing a plan management type in specific circumstances;
For example, where someone needs support to manage and spend their plan funds within the funding amount.
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Other changes will happen when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes: FOI 25/26-0612
the creation of new participant pathways
the new planning framework
support needs assessment
budget model and flexible budgets.
What won't be changing on October 3?
We want to reassure participants that for most, there won’t be major changes to the way they experience the NDIS right now.
What is not changing is the purpose of the NDIS.
The NDIS will continue to provide participants with disability-related supports.
What is the purpose of the new legislation?
The new legislation aims to:
Create the scaffolding needed to progress key NDIS Review recommendations in partnership with people with disability and the disability community.
Clarify the intention of existing legislation
How will the new legislation affect NDIS participants?
Participants may see changes in:
how their eligibility is assessed
the supports that can be funded by the NDIS
how their plans are managed
how their funding is allocated and needs to be spent
requirements for information gathering for eligibility reassessment.
What are NDIS Rules?
The NDIS Rules sit under the NDIS Act and provide details about how the NDIS operates.
States and territories are involved in the approval process for NDIS Rules.
Legislative instruments may be made by the Minister for the NDIS after consulting with affected stakeholders.
Many of the changes to the NDIS will be implemented through new NDIS Rules.
The new NDIS Rules will outline how people can access the NDIS, what assessments are needed, and how budgets will work.
Rules will be developed with people with disability, their families and carers and the disability sector.
What is a transitional rule?
A transitional rule is a rule that the Minister for the NDIS can make within the first 12 months of the legislation being passed, ahead of final rules being agreed
with states and territories.
When will the changes take effect?
The new NDIS laws come into effect on 3 October 2024.
Some changes will happen as soon as the laws come into effect. These changes are about returning the NDIS to its original intent.
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Other changes will happen later, when new NDIS Rules are made. This includes the creation of new participant pathways and the new planning framework –
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support needs assessment, budget model and flexible budget.
Will there be consultation on these changes?
The changes were subject to consultation and consideration by the disability community, disability representative and carer organisations, the NDIS
Independent Advisory Council, states and territories and the Community Affairs Legislation Committee.
There will continue to be opportunities for consultation to shape how these changes are implemented. Those directly impacted by key decisions about the
Scheme will continue to play a key role in developing the detail and in implementing the reforms.
What is the new planning framework?
The new planning framework guides how the NDIS will operate. It explains how people can access the NDIS, how their needs are assessed, and how flexible
budgets are created.
Because of changes to the legislation, plans will be built differently in future. This means there will be 2 kinds of NDIS plans.
If your plan was developed through the current planning approach, this will be called an old framework plan.
If your plan is developed using the new assessment model, this will be a new framework plan.
English is not my first language. Will there be translated information about the NDIS legislation?
The NDIA is committed to ensuring all communications on legislative changes are accessible to everyone.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
The NDIA is working with the wider community to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats including:
Easy Read
Auslan
Braille.
Transition, future changes and co-design
What specific steps is the NDIA taking to ensure a smooth transition?
We are fully committed to ensuring we reach every person – including those who may live in more rural and remote areas or have unique accessibility or
language needs.
The NDIA has begun an extensive communications campaign designed to ensure our more than 660,000 participants, as well as their supporters, know what
they need to about changes to the NDIS Act.
The NDIA will continue to be clear on what is changing and when, so participants and their supporters can be assured that future changes will be supported with
transparency and communication.
How will the NDIA work with the disability community to ensure that the needs and concerns of participants are
addressed throughout the implementation of these changes?
It is essential people with disability continue to have a voice in how the detailed design is done and how the changes are implemented.
The NDIA has been delivering reform in partnership with people with disability and the disability community over the past 2 years.
This includes key partnerships with the Disability Representative and Carer Organisations and the Independent Advisory Council.
Throughout July and August this year, the Agency’s Co-design Branch delivered 56 activities, including consultation on the legislative changes to come into
effect on 3 October 2024.
We have learnt a lot from these activities and continue to improve the way we work together with the disability community.
In June 2024, the NDIA and disability organisations from across Australia shared a commitment to work together on reforms to the Scheme.
Working in partnership with the disability community remains the cornerstone of implementing change as we move forward.
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Changes will be supported with transparency and communication.
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What if there is a case for a support to get on the list? What do we do?
A NDIS Evidence Advisory Committee (EAC) will be established to provide independent and transparent advice to Government on what works for participants.
The Committee will provide advice on the evidence base for therapeutic supports accessed through the NDIS, improving outcomes and ensuring better value for
participants.
This will ensure the supports funded under the Scheme are beneficial, safe, evidence based and cost effective.
The work of the Committee will be an important input into the development of the final NDIS Support Rule which will be developed with the disability community
and States and Territories.
What will be co-designed going forward?
New co-design working groups have started meeting and will be steering a range of co-design and engagement activities including future changes to the NDIS
as a result of legislative change.
Key measures such as support needs assessments and budget models will be subject to ongoing co-design.
We will keep looking for new ways for people to have a voice and shape the work we do together.
NDIS supports (s10)
What is and is not a NDIS support?
From October 3 2024, the Government has released the lists of what NDIS participants can and cannot spend their funding on.
The lists include items that are NDIS supports and items that are not NDIS supports.
Participants who need specific items for their disability will still be able to access those items through these lists.
These lists are based on existing guidance, so in most cases there is unlikely to be any change to the supports a person is currently using.
There will be a transition period for the first year of the new NDIS supports lists to give participants time to learn and understand.
If you’re unsure, there are a few things you can do:
read the NDIS Supports list on the Our Guidelines website.
we'll also be sending a link to all participants
speak to your Local Area Coordinator, Early Childhood Partner or Support Coordinator
if you’re still unsure, call us on 1800 800 110.
How long will I get to change my supports after the legislation change?
From 3 October 2024 you must use your funding to purchase services, items and equipment that can be funded by the NDIS.
We will work with you to help you understand the new rules and access supports that are NDIS supports.
What if I am delivering supports/ accessing supports that are now on the non NDIS support list?
The Government has released definitions of NDIS supports making it clear what NDIS funds can and cannot be used for. These definitions are based on
existing guidance.
Lists of specific items that are allowable NDIS supports and those that are not allowed are on the NDIS website.
If a support is included on the list showing what is not an NDIS Support - it is not allowed to be funded from NDIS plans from 3 October 2024.
There is a transitional rule allowing participants to continue to access supports that are not NDIS supports if they were specifically identified as reasonable and
necessary before 3 October 2024, for the duration of their existing plan.
This also includes situations where the Administrative Appeals Tribunal has decided that the support should be funded as a reasonable and necessary support.
This rule does not apply to sexual services, alcohol or drugs. These supports are specified in the primary Act as non-NDIS supports.
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NDIS participants will continue to receive the disability-related supports they need. However
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, the NDIS was not designed to pay for the cost of everyday
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expenses.
Find more information on the supports lists .
How can I provide feedback or raise concerns about the changes to my support?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator.
You can also contact us.
It is likely that many participants will accidentally or unknowingly use their funding on something not classified as an
NDIS support. What will happen to them, will there be a transition period to help people to adjust to the changes?
We know it will take time for people to learn about and understand the new NDIS support lists and we’ve heard participants’ concerns about what may happen if
someone accidentally buys something which is not an NDIS support.
That’s why there will be a transition period for the first year (12 months) to help people to understand the new NDIS Supports lists.
We will work with participants who make mistakes to make sure that they understand the NDIS supports lists.
What if I make a mistake and accidentally purchase a support that’s on the ‘out’ list?
A person who makes a mistake and claims an item which is not an NDIS support will not have a debt raised for first or second mistakes made in claiming where
the support is worth less than $1,500.
This means the NDIA must contact participants twice to explain what is and is not an NDIS support before any debt of less than $1,500 is raised against them.
This rule applies to all participants (including participants who self-manage their funding), nominees and child -representative for a 12-month period
commencing from 3 October 2024.
For NDIS providers, it applies for 30 days.
This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
If incorrect claims are repeated or fraudulent, we may take further action.
Firmer actions can include raising a debt or moving the participant onto an Agency-managed plan.
What happens with purchases over $1500?
In the situation where the cost is above $1500 the transitional rule does not apply, and a debt will be raised.
However, it is important to note that any debts related to purchases for $1,500 or more for non-NDIS supports can be written off or waived under the existing
provisions of the NDIS Act.
This includes waiver under section 195, which has been updated to allow a debt to be waived in ‘special circumstances’ if the participant unintentionally or
unknowingly breaches the Act, regulations, or rules.
It also allows consideration of the participant’s disability as part of a holistic assessment of whether special circumstances exist.
If a debt arises for payments made for non-NDIS supports, it will only be recovered when it is appropriate to do so in line with the Commonwealth policy on debt
recovery.
The NDIA will keep using a structured process for debt management, focusing on compliance and audit activities on repeated or intentional non-compliance.
We’ll always consider the individual circumstances, with education and support being the first consideration, particularly during the transition period.
This isn’t about trying to catch people out – we know participants want to do the right thing.
NDIA ‘Safety Net’ for debt
The NDIA has put in place a process that means if the Agency was ever to pursue a debt against a participant (in relation to section 10) – the NDIA CEO would
need to sign off this decision first.
This safety net is in place to ensure that raising any debt (in relation to section 10) against a participant would be an absolute last resort and such a decision
would never be automated, rather it would not proceed without thoughtful consideration at the most senior level of the Agency.
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Purchases or provision of supports prior to 3 October 2024
Please note that the new requirement to spend NDIS amounts only on NDIS supports does not apply to any support with a service or purchase date before 3
October.
If people have made a purchase or booking for an item that is not an NDIS support before this date, they can make a claim for any cancellation fee.
This does not apply if a participant purchases illegal items with funding from their plans.
What if evidence from my treating professional states I need a support on the 'out' list?
If you think an item that isn’t a NDIS support is better for you, you can ask to substitute that support.
Only some supports can be replaced.
You can only spend your funding on a substitution if we have agreed in writing that you can buy this support.
There are a few criteria that must be met before we can approve this.
The Rules say which types of supports can be replaced.
The substituted support must also:
replace one or more supports that are NDIS supports
be the same price or cheaper than the NDIS support it is replacing, and
be likely to provide the same or better outcomes than the NDIS supports it is replacing.
You can view the NDIS supports on Our Guidelines website.
What is a replacement support?
In some specific circumstances, we can fund supports that are not NDIS supports.
We call these replacement supports.
When we say replacement support, we mean the service, item or equipment you would like to use instead of the NDIS support or supports in your plan.
Only some supports can be replaced and only if we agree in writing can you buy this support.
A replacement support isn’t an extra support. It replaces an existing NDIS support or supports in your plan.
To find out what can be considered as a replacement support, see What does NDIS fund?
When would a replacement support be requested?
We know that every participant has their own unique needs, and in specific circumstances a participant might need to use their funding for a support that is not a
NDIS support.
Participants can ask for a NDIS support to be replaced with certain non-NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports.
This will enable participants to request a replacement of their existing support with a support that is not a NDIS support.
This may occur in circumstances where a standard item might provide better outcomes and cost the same or less than a NDIS Support.
A replacement support may include household items, or very specific items that support a participant’s unique accessibility or communication needs.
Replacement supports must be from this pre-approved replacement supports list.
Applications can be made for the items specified below:
Standard commercially available household items
Smart watches
Tablets
smart phones
apps for accessibility/communication purposes
For more information about replacement supports including how to apply for them, see What does NDIS fund?
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What’s the process for a replacement support?
To get a replacement support approved, the Agency needs to be satisfied the replacement support will provide the same or better outcomes and cost the same
or less than another NDIS support that is already in the participant’s plan.
Participants must apply for and receive approval of a replacement support before purchasing the support.
It cannot be done after purchasing a non-NDIS support.
Participants can fill out an application for a replacement support on the NDIS website or provide the same information in an email or over the phone.
If your application for a replacement support for an item is not approved, you can’t apply for that same replacement support again for 12 months.
Replacement support example
The NDIS is not designed to fund items such as an iPad or Apple watch.
However, should a participant know that they are able to communicate with their loved ones or a worker by using an iPad – rather than a specialist and more
costly piece of equipment – then they can request the Agency to fund this.
The NDIA will then consider this request and may well say ‘Yes, absolutely that makes sense – so we will fund that on this occasion’.
That’s a really clear example of replacing a more expensive item with a better, more cost-effective solution.
This just makes sense.
It’s important to note the list of replacement supports won’t apply for every participant.
The funding of a replacement support will only benefit some participants, who due to their unique circumstances, are clearly able to demonstrate that a specific
item or support, will benefit them and provide a better, more cost-effective option.
Is there someone I can ask at the NDIA to check that I am doing the right thing?
You can contact your local area coordinator, early childhood partner or support coordinator to help you understand what supports you can buy.
You can also contact us.
How will the NDIA ensure this process is easy and accessible?
We are committed to ensuring that all communications about the Government changes are accessible to everyone.
That's why we are working with the sector and our suppliers to test and produce materials in a range of accessible formats, including Easy Read documents,
animations/videos and Auslan.
An important part of our website accessibility is that content can be easily accessed, including for those using screen readers.
We are working with the sector to develop and test messaging and agile approaches to producing accessible content.
Key information will be translated into 17 languages, including Auslan, to reach as many people as possible.
Why is the change to Section 10 of the NDIS Act 2013 necessary?
We have heard consistently, particularly from participants self-managing their supports, that it is not clear what they can spend their funding on.
Making it clear what the NDIS does, and does not, fund will help participants make more informed choices about what they can use their funds for.
The proposed amendments to Section 10 of the NDIS Act enable the creation of new rules (Category A) that outline what is and is not an NDIS support.
It's going to take some time to make a Category A rule. We'll work closely with the disability community and state and territory governments to understand what
should and shouldn’t be included.
In the interim, the Minister may create a transitional NDIS Supports rule. This will be in place as soon as the instrument is created and will have effect until the
new Category A NDIS supports rule is agreed.
Is Short Term Accommodation (STA) an NDIS support?
Yes, short term accommodation (STA) is included in the 'supports that are NDIS supports' list.
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How does STA work?
STA is designed to help informal supports continue their caring role. It is one option that provides participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA allows participants to stay away from their homes and informal supports for a short time. It can be funded for up to 14 days at a time to a maximum of 28
days per calendar year.
STA funding can be used for assistance with self-care or community access and short-term accommodation. It cannot be used to pay for day-to-day living costs
such as food and groceries, lifestyle costs or travel.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Providers offering STA in a centre or group residence may include meals and activities within the daily rate charged – in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements
and Price Limits – however these cannot be included if the participant choses to use STA in an individual setting.
We know there are still some questions about what can be claimed under STA, particularly if you want to use a hotel or other accommodation options. A new
operational guideline about STA will be available in early 2025 with more information.
We will keep you updated on any changes, and further information will be shared when it is available.
How is STA funded?
STA is funded in a participant's core budget if it relates to their disability support needs, and where it is reasonable and necessary.
It does not need to be stated in a participant's plan.
Participants can access STA as part of the 'assistance with daily life tasks in a group or shared living arrangement' category on the NDIS supports list.
The NDIS funds standard rates for STA, which are available in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
Generally funding for STA is for a group price, unless there is evidence that a participant needs individual support.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
Does STA cover the cost of transport?
Participants cannot use STA funding to pay for transport to the accommodation funded through STA.
If a participant wants to access STA supports far away from their usual home, the cost of the travel is a day-to-day living cost they are expected to pay for
separately. Participants should consider this when choosing an STA option that is right for them. Some participants may have funding for transport to an activity
or other support already in their plan. If a participant usually needs transport support because of their disability, their provider may include the cost of transport
from the accommodation to activities they provide.
Can STA be used for holidays?
No. STA is not for holidays or tourist travel. It is designed to provide participants and their informal supports time apart.
STA cannot be used to pay for items on the list of non-NDIS supports.
NDIS funding can’t be used to pay for:
cruises, holiday packages, holiday accommodation and airfares, passports, visas, or travel and vehicle insurance
accommodation or travel expenses for family members or support workers
theme parks, music, theatre, cinema, sporting events, and conferences
day-to-day living costs such as food or meals. In some cases, your provider may include meals as part of your STA in a centre or group setting. The NDIS funds
standard rates for STA, so you may need to negotiate these costs with your provider. Once you have used your STA funding, you can’t ask us for more. You can
find the rates in the NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits.
If a participant requires support while on holiday, they can continue to use their usual non-STA supports from their NDIS plan.
Participants should speak with their support coordinator, local area coordinator, early childhood partner or planner if they are going on a holiday and need their
NDIS supports delivered in another location.
Is STA available for participants in Supported Independent Living or living alone?
No. This is because if a participant is living alone or in a supported independent living arrangement, they already have time apart from family and informal
supports.
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What are the impacts on individualised living options (ILO) in relation to rent and rental subsidies?
An ILO arrangement should be delivered in line with the ILO guideline . ILO is a package of supports to help a participant live in their chosen home
environment in a way that best suits them. It does not fund the home itself.
An ILO includes an agreed ILO service proposal and is overseen by a provider. An ILO does not include a participant’s rent or mortgage payments, or everyday
costs like food, electricity or internet bills.
If participants are living with people who offer them support throughout their day or week, and who have ILO funding in their plan and an ILO arrangement in
place, the changes to Section 10 in the Amended NDIS Act (NDIS supports) will not impact payments for these supports. The supports provided must be in line
with the participant’s ILO service proposal and the ILO Operational Guidelines and Section 10 requirements for NDIS supports .
The new NDIS transitional rules covering these supports align with existing ILO policy. They aim to ensure participants are not using their NDIS funding to pay
for their rental costs and are using their NDIS funding to purchase NDIS supports under an agreed ILO arrangement.
Participants, their families and supporters interested in considering ILO arrangements should contact the NDIS or a local area coordinator for more information.
A new policy on ILO will be developed through co-design and released mid 2025.
Is animal therapy an NDIS support?
Animal-assisted therapy can be an NDIS support - therapeutic support
Animal-assisted therapy is not the same as ‘animal therapy’. Animal-assisted therapists may use an animal to play a role in a goal-directed, structured
intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to engage in therapy.
Animals can be used as therapy tools, just like a board game, Lego, or a swing could also be used as a tool in a therapy session.
For example, a psychologist or counsellor may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to calm, focus or regulate whilst the
counselling/psychology session is undertaken.
An occupational therapist may use an animal in therapy sessions to assist a participant to participate in an activity such as walking, standing, balancing etc. In
these interventions, the animal may be used by the therapist to help the client meet specific goals but the therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied
health professional, with the animal used to support participation.
Animal therapy is not an NDIS support.
Activities which are provided for people to have a positive experience with an animal such as engaging with puppies or riding a horse might be called ‘animal
therapy’ by the provider of the service.
Recreational, sporting or social activities involving animals could also be called animal therapy.
These activities are not animal-assisted therapeutic interventions and are not NDIS Supports, even if the provider of the service is an allied health professional.
What about supports to participate in social and recreational opportunities that include animals?
The NDIA and NDIS acknowledges that NDIS participants may engage in programs that include animals to provide sporting, social and recreational
opportunities for people with disabilities, and capacity building support.
This may include for example, participation in horse riding.
If NDIS participants need extra help to participate in horse riding activities because of their disability, the extra help can be funded in their plan.
This extra help could be a support worker or assistive products that help the participant engage in the activity when it is happening.
Participants might also use their therapy supports budget to work with a therapist to build their skills to do the sporting, social or recreational activity more
independently in the future.
NDIS participants will still need to pay for the general costs of their sporting, social or recreational activities as these are costs that everyone must pay for these
kinds of activities.
For example, everyone who wants an activity delivered to them has to pay for that activity themselves whether or not they have a disability.
This is the same whether the activity includes an animal or not. Participants cannot use their NDIS funding to pay for the costs of other sporting, recreational or
social activities like surfing lessons, basketball, art classes or gaming.
The bans on therapy supports like 'gaming therapy' or 'yoga therapy', does that include social group programs which
include these strategies?
Noting also that most therapists utilise some type of games in therapy sessions as standard practice, as part of building various skills.
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Supports that provide evidence-based therapy to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
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personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
What about if my activity is delivered through a disability-specific group or centre-based program?
If your activity is being delivered through a group and centre-based program and the costs of the activity and the support you need are fully covered by the
hourly rate charged by the provider in line with the NDIS Pricing Arrangements, you can purchase your group and centre-based program using your NDIS funds.
If your group and centre-based program does not cover the costs of an activity within the hourly rate they charge to support you in that activity then you will
need to pay for the cost of the activity yourself.
For example, if your group and centre-based program goes bowling and the cost of bowling is not covered by the approved hourly rate then you need to pay for
these costs yourself.
Is Lego therapy included on the out list? Do delegates have clarity about therapy supports and which supports are
allowed?
Supports that provide evidence-based therapy, to help participants improve or maintain their functional capacity in areas such as language and communication,
personal care, mobility and movement, interpersonal interactions, functioning (including psychosocial functioning) and community living are included as NDIS
supports. Evidence-based therapeutic supports can only be delivered by an allied health professional or appropriately qualified professional.
Evidence based therapists may use a variety of tools to play a role in a goal-directed, structured intervention which will assist the therapist and the participant to
engage in therapy. This may include board games, online games, Lego or an animal. The therapy is delivered to the participant by the allied health professional
and the tool is used to support participation.
Activities that are delivered without a best quality evidence-base and/or by people who are not appropriately qualified to develop and deliver therapy are not
funded as therapeutic supports.
You can find more information about alternative and complementary therapies that are not evidence-based at What does NDIS fund?
Training on all legislative changes is being delivered to all delegates. Guidance for delegates has also been updated across NDIA systems.
Can NDIS funding be used to purchase pet insurance for assistance animals?
NDIS funding can be used to buy an assistance animal and pay for most of its associated costs when approved by the NDIA.
However, funding cannot be used to pay for pet insurance for an assistance animal. More information about assistance animals is available in Our Guideline –
Assistance animals .
NDIS funding can’t be used to buy pets or companion animals, or to pay for any pet or companion animal related costs including:
Pet food, toys or accessories
Veterinarian costs
Pet boarding
Pet grooming
Pet insurance
Taxidermy and pet cremations, burials or funerals.
Is specialised driver training an NDIS support?
The NDIS supports list describes that driver training with a specialised vehicle driving instructor can be funded for eligible participants.
A specialised vehicle driving instructor is someone who has experience and training in providing driving instruction to people with disability and is registered or
licensed to be a driving instructor in the relevant State or Territory.
The information available in current operational guidance remains applicable.
Our Guideline – Vehicle modifications and driving supports describes the range of driver supports that may be funded:
A driver trained occupational therapist assessment and a driving instructor for the on-road part of the assessment, if a participant plans to drive the vehicle.
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Specialised driving lessons - additional driving lessons where a participant’s disability impacts their ability to learn to drive.
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Are disability specific bicycles, including electric bicycles, considered an NDIS support?
Yes. Bicycles or tricycles, with or without an electric motor, that include disability specific features, or have been designed to meet the disability specific needs of
a participant, are an NDIS support.
This is because they are considered an assistive product for recreation and can be funded if they also meet the ‘reasonable and necessary’ criteria applied to all
NDIS supports.
The costs associated with adapting or modifying a standard bicycle or tricycle to meet a participant’s disability specific needs may also be an NDIS support.
However, in these circumstances the participant, or their family, would need to self-fund the cost of the bicycle or tricycle that is being adapted or modified.
Standard, non-modified, bicycles or tricycles including electric bicycles are not NDIS supports.
In some specific circumstances, the NDIS may fund supports that are not listed as NDIS supports. These are called replacement supports. Electric bicycles are
not considered standard commercially available household items and therefore are not a support for which a replacement can be requested.
Are sexual services an NDIS support?
Under the laws of the NDIS sexual services can’t be funded.
Sexual services is not defined in the legislation but is given its ordinary meaning by the NDIA.
Sexual services are taken to include any sexual conduct undertaken with a participant for payment or reward, including direct physical activity between a
participant and another person for the purpose of sexual gratification.
This includes all services that may be provided by a sex worker.
The NDIS will continue to provide reasonable and necessary funding to participants to access the disability related supports and services they need.
This includes other sexuality related supports due to a participant’s disability, for example adaptive equipment, sex counselling and individualised sexual
education supports where reasonable and necessary.
How does the allowable NDIS supports list work?
The list of allowable NDIS supports is not exhaustive, meaning it does not exclude items that are not specifically listed.
The purpose of the list is to clarify the types of supports that fall under the overarching description.
It is important for participants to know that for something to be considered an NDIS support, it must fit within the overarching description provided in schedule 1
(however it does not have to be specifically listed) and of course, must not be included in the non-allowable NDIS supports list.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by a worker with additional qualifications and
experience.
The NDIS support list includes high intensity daily personal activities, and states that supports must be provided by
a worker with additional qualifications and experience. What does this mean?
You should ensure that the people providing your high intensity daily personal activity supports have relevant qualifications and/or training to deliver the support
to you safely and appropriately.
The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission provides guidance which describes the skills and knowledge that NDIS providers and workers should ensure
they have when supporting participants receiving high intensity daily personal activities.
You can find more information about this guidance on the NDIS Commission website .
Are modified fluids and thickeners NDIS supports?
Modified fluids and thickeners are NDIS supports. They are what we call disability-related health supports .
These include:
low-cost assistive technology – equipment, technology, or devices to assist with feeding and swallowing needs
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
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a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability
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.
Are dietetics/dietitians NDIS supports?
As an evidence-based therapy, dietetics is covered under ‘Therapeutic supports ’.
The list of supports detailed under each category in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports is not exhaustive.
The NDIS will fund dietetics where the participant needs this therapeutic support due to their disability and it meets the reasonable and necessary test.
The NDIS Pricing Arrangements 2024-25 (PAPL) includes dietetics under the ‘Capacity Building – Improved Health and Wellbeing’ category (pg. 81-82).
The PAPL is currently being reviewed and will be updated to be consistent with current practice.
Would food processors and aerators be considered exemptions to the supports that are not NDIS supports list?
Based on the NDIS Transitional Rules 2024, food processers, including the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water,
such as a soda stream, are not NDIS supports.
These are classed as a day-to-day living costs.
What are dysphagia supports?
Dysphagia supports are what we call disability-related health supports. Generally, if a participant has dysphagia which is ongoing and directly related to their
disability, we can fund dysphagia supports for them. We will need evidence to support this, such as reports or assessments from a speech pathologist.
Dysphagia supports we may fund include:
low-cost assistive technology – this means equipment, technology, or devices to help you eat and drink
modified foods including liquid thickener products
help to prepare specific foods which you can safely eat
a support worker to help you eat or drink safely if you can’t do this yourself because of your disability.
To help you manage dysphagia, we may also fund a speech pathologist to:
make a mealtime management plan, sometimes called an oral eating and drinking care plan, which describes how you can eat and drink safely
train your support workers, family or carers in your specific disability-related dysphagia support needs.
Based on the NDIS support transitional rules, either the purchase of prepared aerated drink/beverage or household item to aerate water, such as a soda stream,
would not be an NDIS Support as it would be classed as a day-to-day living cost.
If the participant needs further information, they can contact their My NDIS Contact or Support Coordinator.
Can the NDIS fund meal preparation or delivery services?
Yes, the NDIS can fund the cost of meal preparation and delivery, but not the cost of food or ingredients. If your disability makes it difficult to prepare meals, you
can use your funding for supports like a support worker or meal delivery services.
Meal preparation and delivery services must provide itemised invoices separating the cost of food from preparation and delivery costs. Services like Uber Eats
or fast-food platforms typically don’t meet these requirements as they do not provide the necessary separation.
For detailed guidance, you can refer to Our Guideline – Nutrition Supports including meal preparation .
What if my support worker is unavailable or I live in a rural area?
If your plan includes funding for a support worker to help with meal preparation, and the support worker is temporarily unavailable, you can use this funding
flexibly for meal delivery for a short period.
This arrangement should be temporary, and you may need to provide evidence if it extends for a longer time. In rural areas, meal delivery providers must also
provide itemised invoices to meet NDIS requirements.
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Does the NDIS fund groceries, fast food, or dietary supplements?
No, the NDIS does not fund groceries, fast food, or takeaway services, as these are considered everyday living costs for everyone. Dietary supplements are
also generally not funded unless they are prescribed or recommended as part of managing a disability-related need.
For example, if a healthcare professional determines that your disability requires specific supplements, these may be considered under certain circumstances,
provided they meet the NDIS funding criteria.
How are decisions about meal preparation supports made, and what evidence is needed?
Decisions about funding for meal preparation supports are based on your individual plan and the NDIS funding criteria. If included in your plan, this may be as a
stated or non-stated support.
Providers must issue itemised invoices for meal preparation and delivery claims. While a quote is not usually required, if additional funding is sought or the
arrangement extends beyond a short-term period, evidence such as a recommendation or plan change request may be needed.
Are household items recommended by a qualified speech pathologist or APD on the Replacement supports list?
Standard commercially available household items are included on the Replacement support lists. Household items that are required, recommended by a
qualified speech pathologist or dietician, such as a blender to prepare a participant’s special diet would be considered a replacement item.
If a participant wishes to have these supports included in their plan they would need to apply using the Replacement support application process.
Are parenting programs funded by the NDIS?
The NDIS funds reasonable and necessary supports to help children with disability or significant developmental delay work towards their goals.
We can only fund supports that are included in the list of Supports that are NDIS supports. We can’t fund things are that are not an NDIS support.
The new rules clarify that the NDIS does not fund general parenting programs.
By general parenting programs, we mean programs available to all parents that help build parenting skills. This approach aligns with the guidance in place
before the new legislation took effect on 3 October 2024.
What early intervention or developmental delay supports are available to children and their parents?
Early intervention supports for children with disability or developmental delay focus on helping children, families, and carers work towards specific goals that are
identified in their NDIS plan.
Early intervention supports also build the family’s capacity alongside the child's. Parents and carers may participate in one-on-one, or group sessions with other
parents and carers who have similar goals within their child’s NDIS plan.
These programs are designed to build their capacity to maximise their child’s independence and development, by building the capacity and skills of the child’s
family and carers.
Parenting support can also be provided to people with disability who are parents through their NDIS plan. Where an NDIS participant who is a parent has
arrangements in their NDIS plan to support them in their parenting role because of their disability, those arrangements do not change.
Our Early Childhood Approach and Early Connections OGs outline how we help children with disability to get the support they need. We will continue to
update our guidelines as we implement legislative changes.
Is the art and music therapy independent review complete?
The independent review for art and music therapy is now complete.
We have received the final report from Dr Stephen Duckett AM.
We will consider his recommendations in the development of our operational guidance and NDIS Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits (PAPL).
The updated operational guidance will be published in the coming months. Dr Duckett’s report will be also published in full on our website, including key
information in Easy Read and Auslan.
Until the new guidance is released later this year, there are no changes to the status of music and art therapy as NDIS supports.
For more information refer to: Independent review of NDIS funded music and art supports | NDIS and the latest
.
media release
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Funding amounts, components, periods (s33) (new)
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What are funding periods?
A funding period is the time that part of a participant’s funding becomes available, and how long it needs to last. Participants can spend up to the amount of
funding available in that time. Funding periods can apply to either the total amount of funding in participant’s plan, or funding component amounts.
What is total funding amount?
Plans now include a total funding amount. This shows the total amount of funds allocated to all reasonable and necessary supports over the length of a
participant’s plan.
The funding is divided into funding components, like Core, Capacity building, or Capital. The total amount for each funding component will be made available to
you in specific time intervals called funding periods. Each funding component has its own funding periods.
What are funding components?
Funding components group together related types of supports in a participant's plan. Each component has an allocated amount that can be used to purchase
supports covered under that component.
For example, the Core funding component might include support for daily activities, while Capacity Building could cover therapies or training.
When are different funding periods being introduced and who will be affected?
Different funding periods are being introduced from 19 May 2025 to:
help make sure supports are available when participants need them
reduce the risk of running out of funds early.
This change will be rolled out gradually. Participants will not be impacted until they receive a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to
understand their circumstances.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives participants flexibility but also helps them manage their budget so their funding lasts the
full length of their plan.
Funding periods won’t change the total funding amount, they only change when participants can access their funds.
Why have different funding periods been introduced?
Different funding periods have been introduced to help participants manage their NDIS funding by providing access to regular, manageable amounts over time,
rather than all at once.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but also helps participants manage budgets.
This won’t happen until participants get a new or reassessed plan following discussion with them to understand their circumstances.
Will the total amount of funding in a participant’s plan change?
No, funding periods don't affect a participant's total budget, only when funding will be made available across the duration of their plan
Can unused funding be rolled over to the next funding period?
At the end of each funding period, any unspent funds will rollover into the next funding period in the same plan. This means the unused funding will be added to
the new funding period. However, funds will only rollover during the same plan.
This approach ensures that support is available as needed over time.
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Can funding from a future funding period be brought forward?
Funding from a future funding period generally can't be brought forward.
In exceptional circumstances, the NDIA may bring forward a future funding period if there is an urgent need. This won't change the total amount of funding in the
plan, so careful budgeting is still needed to ensure there's enough funding to meet support needs later in the plan.
If a participant's situation has changed and they need more or different supports, they can contact the NDIA to request a change to their plan.
It's important for participants to ask for help early, before funds run out.
Why are funding periods generally 3-months?
Funding periods are more effective when set at a duration that is not over an extended period.
Funding periods will usually be set at 3-months on the basis this gives flexibility to participants but isn't so big as not to be in line with budgets and/or funds
provided to people in other aspects of life.
Staged funding is a common approach across Australian Government programs. It means funding is provided in parts over time, rather than all at once.
This helps people manage their budgets and supports consistent use of funding over the length of the plan.
Other government payments like the age pension also use set funding periods.
How is the length of a participant’s funding periods decided? (new)
Funding periods can vary in length. They may be one, 3, 6, or 12 months, depending on the participant’s needs.
In most cases, the NDIS will begin with 3-month funding periods when discussing a participant’s plan.
The length of funding periods is based on the participant’s individual circumstances, including:
their preferences
their support needs
any identified risks
the total funding in their plan
the types and costs of supports
how they have used funding in previous plans
Some supports may require shorter funding periods, such as one month. Others, particularly those involving more complex needs, may require longer periods.
Can funding periods be different lengths in a participant’s plan? (new)
Yes, funding periods can vary in length within a participant’s plan. For example, a participant’s plan might have funding periods of one, 3, 6, or 12 months.
A participant may also have one funding component amount with 3-month funding periods and another component amount with shorter, one-month funding
periods.
Most plans will have more than one funding period. If a participant’s plan lasts longer than 12 months, they will always have more than one funding period.
Each funding period will start immediately after the previous one, ensuring the participant won’t be left without funding.
The participant’s plan will show whether funding periods apply to the whole plan or to specific funding component amounts. It will also list the dates each funding
period starts and ends as well as how much funding can be used during each period.
For plans that already have a 12-month funding period and are continued without reassessment, the 12-month funding period will remain the same. Participants
can continue using their funding as they currently do. Funding periods generally won’t change until the plan is reassessed.
When will a participant receive their funding? (new)
Funding is usually spread evenly across a participant’s plan to help manage supports throughout the length of their plan. For example, if a participant has a 12-
month plan with 3-month funding periods, they’ll typically get 25% of their funding at the start of each period.
Some supports may be funded differently:
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daily supports (like in-home care) consider the number of days in each period, including weekends and holidays.
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one-off or setup supports (like assistive technology, home/vehicle modifications, or medium-term accommodation) may be fully funded at the start or when
needed. Unused funds can roll over to the next period.
enteral feeding products are funded for 12 months at the start of each year.
Participants might also get more funding upfront for:
behaviour support planning
changing needs or situations (e.g. hospital discharge)
intensive capacity building
bulk buying consumables (e.g. continence products).
How are funding periods managed? (new)
Funding periods are managed based on the participant’s chosen plan management option, offering flexibility to suit individual needs:
Self-managed – the participant manages their funding and spends it according to their plan and within their funding periods.
Plan managed – a registered plan manager manages the participant’s funding and helps ensure it is used correctly within the funding periods.
Agency-managed – the NDIA manages the participant's funding, ensuring it is spent in line with their plan and within their funding periods.
Where possible, this approach ensures that participants can choose the plan management type that works best for them, while also ensuring funding is used
effectively across the funding periods.
How can providers help participants manage their budgets?
Support coordinators should work with participants at the start of their plan to establish a schedule of support that can be delivered within the funding allocated
to each period. This ensures that supports can be provided consistently throughout the funding period.
Plan Managers will support participants to spend in accordance with their plan including within funding periods.
Providers must only deliver supports that are within the available funding for each period, and claims should be submitted promptly after services are delivered.
How will participants and providers see funding periods?
Participants will be able to see their funding periods in the participant portal, the NDIS app, and their plan document. They will have access to information about
how much funding is available, how much has been used, and when the next amount will be available.
With the participant’s consent, Plan Managers and Support Coordinators will also be able to view this information in the provider portal.
Can a provider claim across 2 funding periods?
Yes, a provider can claim for services delivered in a previous funding period, as long as the dates of the invoice fall within the plan. The current funding period
must have sufficient remaining or unspent funds rolled over from the previous period to cover the claim.
What types of supports may have different funding periods?
Some supports may have different funding periods based on how they are delivered. For example, high-cost regular supports like Supported Independent Living
(SIL) may have monthly funding periods to align with service delivery. In some cases, participants may need more funding upfront, for example, to purchase
assistive technology like a custom wheelchair. In these cases, more funding will be available at the start of the plan.
Where can participants and providers see details of funding periods?
Funding periods will be visible in:
the participant portal
the my NDIS app
the plan document.
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Participants will be able to see:
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how much funding is available in each period
how much has been used
how much funding has been released in the plan so far
when the next amount will become available.
Plan managers and support coordinators (with the participant’s consent), can see funding period information in the NDIS provider portal.
Can participants request a review of a decision about the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan?
If a participant is not happy with the funding periods and total budget amounts in their plan, they can request an internal review of their plan.
Why is capacity building not flexible with core?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
How will people who are Agency-managed have the same level of support and choice?
There are no changes regarding access to registered or unregistered providers as a result of the legislation changes.
We will help participants and nominees understand these changes and implement their plans. Participants can continue to access plan implementation support
from their My NDIS Contact or, support coordinator, plan manager or other services such as recovery coaches if they are funded in their plan. Plan managers
and support coordinators are expected to provide assistance to the participant to understand their funding options and choices.
If the participant needs additional assistance because of their supported decision making needs, they can ask for capacity building funding in their plan.
If participants want to access more flexibility with the ability to choose unregistered providers, they can have a discussion about their plan management type
with their planner or local area coordinator.
Each plan can continue to have a mix of plan management types based on an individual participant’s needs and preferences.
Training for NDIA staff on supported decision making has been designed and will begin to be delivered from November 2024. This will assist planners to
prioritise supported decision making when having discussions with participants.
Can a participant negotiate to 'unstate' a support during planning?
The purpose of stating supports in a participant’s plan is to ensure specific disability needs are addressed.
It is therefore not something that would generally be changed in the planning process.
Is there going to be enough flexibility in these arrangements to enable plans to work for people with volatile needs?
The way plans are built and funding allocated across core, capacity building and capital budgets is not changing until the new planning framework commences.
This includes no changes to flexibility within and across these budgets.
Participants will continue to be able to make change requests when their circumstances change. This includes requesting a variation for crisis or emergency
funding as a result of a significant change to the participant's support needs.
As well as there being s10 rules around allowable supports in place, will there be any restrictions on choice of
registered providers for home and living supports?
The NDIS Provider and Worker Registration Taskforce recently provided advice to the Government on the design and implementation of a new regulatory
model.
The Taskforce made 11 recommendations and 10 implementation actions covering provider and worker registration, some of which required an immediate
response and others that will be designed with close consultation with the disability community. The Taskforce conducted thorough consultation, and this
important process will continue.
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The NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission will progress Rule changes to mandate registration for support coordination, platform providers and SIL.
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Consultation on these changes will commence shortly. The new Rules will allow for a period of transition to the new mandatory registration arrangements.
Currently, if a participant’s plan is Agency-managed, there are some constraints in place, including that they must purchase from registered NDIS providers only.
Under the SDA Rules, SDA providers must also be registered.
Why do supports need to be listed in separate components?
A funding component amount in a plan might include funding for more than one support category. This means a participant can choose how to spend their
funding across all the supports under that funding component amount.
For example, in the same funding component amount we can include any funding for:
transport
consumables
assistance with daily life
assistance with social, economic and community participation.
Eligibility reassessments (s30)
Why are new letters being sent to participants about the eligibility reassessment process?
We have made some immediate changes to improve the process for eligibility reassessment for participants, families and their carers.
We understand eligibility reassessments can feel overwhelming, and we want you to know what information is required to support your eligibility reassessment.
We have now introduced new eligibility reassessment letters which outline more detail about the types of information you may wish to provide.
This also gives you the opportunity to provide us with information we can’t reasonably get in a different way.
The new letters:
tell you an eligibility reassessment has started, and why
are clearer about the information you may wish to provide
tell you that you have 90 days to supply this information.
The new letters are the second step in our plans to address feedback from the disability community.
We will continue to streamline and simplify the eligibility reassessment process to ensure you can easily understand and navigate it.
If you need more time, you can call us on 1800 800 100 or contact us or your my NDIS contact for help.
What are the new timeframes to provide additional information and when does this change commence?
We have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional information to support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days.
This came into effect on 30 January 2025.
Participants who are notified about an eligibility reassessment will now be given 90 days to provide information to help us understand if their support needs have
changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
Will the timeframe extension apply if I am currently undergoing an eligibility reassessment on 30 January 2025?
Yes, participants who have already received a request to provide information due to their eligibility being reassessed and need more time, can contact us or their
my NDIS Contact for help.
What is the purpose of an eligibility reassessment?
Eligibility reassessments help us understand if a participant’s support needs have changed and whether they still meet the eligibility criteria for the Scheme,
particularly if they have received early intervention support through the NDIS Early Intervention pathway.
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The NDIS Early Intervention pathway is mainly accessed by children in recognition that when we support children early
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, it can improve outcomes and reduce
their need for supports later in life.
While eligibility reassessments have always been a part of the NDIS, we acknowledge the experience may be new for some participants.
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us.
How does the eligibility reassessment process work?
We send a letter to a participant (or nominee) to let them know about the eligibility reassessment and that they can provide additional information.
We understand that it can take time to get this information. That’s why we have extended the timeframe for participants to provide additional documentation to
support eligibility reassessments from 28 to 90 days. If the information isn’t available in 90 days, the participant (or nominee) can ask for more time.
If we decide someone isn’t eligible or they don’t respond to our request within the timeframe, we may cease their access to the NDIS. But we will make multiple
efforts to contact you so we can talk to you about support needs.
Why is this changing?
We understand these requests can feel overwhelming and it takes time to get information.
Participants will now have more time to get information to us. We recognise there is work to be done with participants and the disability sector to improve the
eligibility reassessment process.
We are working to strengthen our approach through:
better communication with participants and families about what is involved during an eligibility reassessment
providing more time for people to supply the agency with relevant information about their evidence of eligibility and whether it has changed
improving the communication and resources participants receive when they undergo the reassessment process.
Foundational Supports
Do the legislative amendments address foundational supports?
The amendments don't directly address foundational supports, the focus is on strengthening the overall framework of the NDIS.
This includes ensuring that necessary supports are available to participants, which may involve foundational supports being addressed indirectly as part of the
broader reforms and improvements to the Scheme.
Access (s21)
What are the changes to access?
New participants will be informed if they meet access to the NDIS by meeting the:
disability requirements (s.24)
early intervention requirements (s.25)
both the disability and early intervention requirements.
In the future, participants will be supported by the appropriate participant pathway, depending on how they meet access.
What will the changes to access mean for participants?
In the future, participants will be supported to have a more tailored planning experience and funding outcomes, depending on how they accessed the NDIS.
The impact of this change will happen later, once new pathways are created.
It will take time to create the new pathways, as we will work together with people with disability on how these can be best implemented to ensure the needs of
participants and the Agency are met.
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How do the changes impact early intervention?
People who meet access to the NDIS under the early intervention requirements will be supported by the new early intervention pathway once it’s created.
Notice of impairments (s32BA)
What is a Notice of Impairments?
Currently, all new participants to the NDIS receive an access decision letter which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early
intervention requirements, or both.
From 1 January 2025, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include
their category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
There are 6 impairment categories listed in the NDIS Act.
These are:
intellectual
cognitive
sensory
neurological
physical
impairments relating to a psychosocial disability.
The categories and their definitions are outlined in the operational guideline – Applying to the NDIS document available on the NDIS website.
For children younger than 6 years old who meet the criteria for developmental delay, the information will say they are eligible under the early intervention
requirements with developmental delay.
Why is the NDIS introducing Notice of Impairments?
Providing this information to participants gives them clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements.
It responds to NDIS Review recommendations, and requests from participants to have more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access to the
NDIS.
This approach also recognises that people with disability who have the same diagnosis may have different impairments and support needs.
What does it mean for me as a new participant (application submitted on or after 1 January 2025)?
Currently, all new participants receive an access decision letter, which says if access was met under the disability requirements, the early intervention
requirements, or both.
From 1 January, new participants will receive clearer information about how they meet the disability or early intervention requirements. This will include their
category of impairment.
The change was recommended by the NDIS Review, and requests from participants for more clarity and transparency about the basis of their access.
What does it mean for me as an existing participant?
As an existing participant, there is nothing you need to do right now.
We will work with existing participants to make sure they have the information they need ahead of any changes.
What happens if I want to change my category/categories?
A participant, or their nominee, can apply to vary their impairment category at any time after meeting access if it is not, or is no longer, correct.
The type of evidence that is required to support an application will depend on the reason the participant is seeking to vary the information and the evidence that
has already been provided.
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If the NDIA varies the impairment category, this will be reflected in the participant’s information. If a participant does not agree with the NDIA's decision to vary or
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not to vary their impairment category, they can ask for a review of the decision.
Support needs assessment (s32L)
What is a support needs assessment?
The NDIS Review recommended a different approach to planning to deliver better and fairer outcomes for NDIS participants.
This included the development of a new way to gather information about the support people need to inform their NDIS Budget, called a support needs
assessment.
A support needs assessment is a process that will be used to better understand a participant’s support needs in the future and develop their budget.
It will include a strengths-based assessment that will focus on a participant’s support needs rather than functional capacity.
Support needs assessments are a key step in the NDIS reform process to move toward a better way of planning.
In February 2025, the NDIA released an approach to market for support need assessment tools to support this process.
The NDIA understands the new ways of gathering information will significantly change participants’ experience and we will continue to talk with and listen to the
disability community every step of the way.
Read more about support needs assessment tools.
What's changing now?
For most participants, they will continue to have their plans developed using the current process for some time to come.
It will take 5 years for all participants to have their NDIS budgets developed in this new way. We are taking 5 years to make sure the transition isn't rushed and
we continue to learn and improve as we go.
We will continue to talk with and listen to people with disability, their families, carers and representatives as we progress through this year of design and testing,
and as we transition to the new way of working.
We will also keep letting everyone know where we are up to in the design and testing, so that the information is available to everyone.
What happens next?
February to April 2025
The first step is to work with people with disability to understand the best ways to collect information about peoples' support needs, and how to use this to build
a NDIS budget. People with disability will be involved in choosing the best ways to collect information. We already know that people want us to make this as
simple and easy as possible for people, so they don’t need to keep sharing personal information or retelling their story.
The second step is to agree how the NDIA will collect information, how to talk with participants about their NDIS budgets and how they can use it. This includes
agreeing how participants can provide information. We know there will be many areas we will need to work through with participants to make sure the system is
fair and equitable for people in different circumstances.
We are working with people with disability and disability representatives to design this and will have a proposed approach to share in April 2025.
April to September 2025
The third step is to test the new approach to gathering information and setting a person's NDIS budget to make sure it works well before we start using it. We
will include testing the new way of working with participants, without affecting their plans or budgets. We will keep listening and making improvements to the
process to reflect the feedback we receive.
From September 2025
We will gradually start working with participants to develop their NDIS budgets using the new approach. We will do this gradually so we can keep testing and
improving the way this works.
In this early stage, we will also build in additional checks to make sure the approach is working well, and that participants' NDIS budgets are fair and consistent.
We will start gradually to make sure the new approach works well for participants, and we will continue to learn and improve how to do this well - so we can
make the transition a smooth process for participants. We know these changes may create anxiety for people and we want to make the process as clear and as
simple as possible for people.
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Plan management decisions (s44)
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Can I still choose how my NDIS funding is managed?
Yes, you can ask for your plan to be managed in a way that works best for you. This is called a plan management request.
You can choose to:
self-manage your funding
use a plan manager to help you manage your budget
have your funding NDIA-managed.
We want to help you manage your funding safely and confidently. In some cases, if there is an unreasonable risk, we may need to change how your funding is
managed.
What has changed in how the NDIA makes decisions about plan management?
New rules now clearly define how we assess unreasonable risk when making plan management decisions.
If there are concerns about how your funding is managed by you, your nominee, a representative or plan manager, we will first look at ways to support you
before making any changes.
Extra supports such as guidance, safeguards or other strategies may be offered to help you stay in control of your funding.
A risk is only considered unreasonable if there are no supports that can help manage it.
If we decide to change how your funding is managed, we will:
talk to you first and explain our decision
give you the option to request a review if you don’t agree.
These changes are designed to help you stay in control of your funding while ensuring it is managed safely.
What does the NDIA consider when changing a plan management decision?
When the NDIA decides how plan funds are managed, they will consider if the participant, their nominee or child representative or registered plan manager:
spent funding on NDIS supports
spent funding in line with the participant’s plan
presents an unreasonable risk to the participant by managing their funding.
If risks are identified, the NDIA may not support a participant’s request to self-manage or use a registered plan manager.
What happens if a participant or their nominee have been convicted of a criminal offence?
The NDIA will consider if the participant or their plan nominee have had any major criminal convictions.
The participant’s funding will be Agency-managed if the participant or their nominee have been convicted of an offence that:
carries at least 2 years of prison
involves fraud or dishonesty.
This will apply to all new and reassessed plans where a new plan approval decision is being made.
Can a participant appeal a plan management decision implemented by the NDIA?
Participants can appeal a plan management decision.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
If a participant’s plan management type is changed, is the participant notified and given reasons why?
We know how important it is for participants to have the control, independence and flexibility in arranging and paying for their own supports through self-
management.
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The NDIA will talk to the participant about the risks and safeguards they have considered when making a plan management decision.
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Where possible, they will support the participant to work towards their preferred plan management type in the future.
Plan variations and reassessments (s47 and s48)
Can I request changes to my NDIS plan?
Yes, if your needs change, you can ask for an update to your NDIS plan at any time.
We will work with you to make sure your supports are updated appropriately.
There are 2 ways your plan can be updated:
Plan variations: small changes can be made without replacing your plan.
Reassessments: a full review of your plan, creating a new plan with a new end date.
We will always explain why a change is needed and work with you on any updates. If you don’t agree, you can request a review, and we will support you
through the process.
What has changed about how plans are updated?
From 4 March 2025, new rules will clarify when and how we can vary or reassess a participant’s plan.
These rules ensure:
consistent decision-making when plans need to change
a focus on your needs and goals when updating supports
more flexibility while protecting participant funding.
These changes do not affect your right to request a plan variation or reassessment. They simply make the process clearer and ensure updates are made in a
fair and transparent way.
Right to appeal decisions
Will participants have the right to appeal agency decisions that they are not happy with, for example changes to how
their plan is managed and the funding periods?
Participants can appeal a decision to approve a plan, which includes how the plan will be managed. They can also appeal a decision relating to funding periods.
They should follow the NDIA appeal process, which includes requesting a review and providing any supporting information.
Can participants still review decisions made by the Agency?
NDIS participants have always and will continue to have the right to review their NDIS package and level of supports.
These legislative changes passed by Parliament do not change that right.
Providers
What is providers’ responsibility when delivering supports? (new)
Providers are responsible for delivering supports in line with the participant's plan. This includes confirming the participant’s plan has sufficient funding within
each funding period and support category to meet their needs.
This requirement has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
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How should providers schedule and claim for supports? (new)
Providers should schedule and claim for supports within the participant’s available budget and funding periods. Claims submitted within a funding period where
funds have been exhausted will be rejected.
If there are unspent funds within a funding period, these funds will roll over into the next funding period. This roll over ensures that participants can continue to
access supports if they did not fully use their funding in the previous funding period.
Can a provider claim across multiple funding periods? (new)
Yes. If a service spans multiple funding periods, providers are not required to lodge separate claims. As long as there is enough budget in both funding periods
to cover the full amount, a claim can be submitted for the entire service.
Claims will be processed based on the available budget, regardless of the support dates.
Why is it important for providers to avoid over servicing? (new)
Over servicing occurs when services are delivered beyond the allocated budget for a given funding period, with the expectation that the claim will be paid using
the next funding period’s allocation. While this may seem convenient, it creates risk. If a provider delivers more services than funded in a period, there may not
be sufficient funding to cover the participant’s support requirements for the duration of their plan.
Under NDIS legislation, claims exceeding the available funding in a support category in the current funding period cannot be paid.
To ensure both providers and participants are protected, it is essential to deliver services within the participant’s budget and funding periods. Avoiding over-
servicing, especially if funding is nearing its limit, ensures continuity of supports and prevents financial risks for participants and providers.
What if a participants’ needs change? (new)
Participants can request changes to their funding periods if their needs change, such as if they need more or less support. They will need to submit a plan
change request and provide information explaining why the change is necessary. The NDIS will review the request and where appropriate, work with the
participant to adjust their plan.
Plan variations
If a participant’s overall support needs haven’t changed, but they need to adjust how the funds are used over time (for example, to access a temporary increase
in funding for a program like intensive capacity building or early intervention), they may request a plan variation. This allows funds to be reallocated within the
current period, with less funding allocated to later periods.
This process does not require a full plan reassessment, but careful budgeting is necessary, as less funding will be available in later periods. The total funding
amount will remain unchanged.
In some cases, if a participant knows in advance that they will need additional support (such as early intervention), their plan can be frontloaded, giving them
more funding early on so they don’t need to return to the Agency if their needs change during the plan.
Plan reassessments
Plan reassessments are when we create a whole new plan with a participant, that has a new plan end date. Reassessments provide a more detailed review of a
participants plan if they have more significant changes to their current circumstances, to ensure funding and supports continue to meet their needs over time.
The process for requesting a change to a plan has not changed with the introduction of funding periods.
Do claims need to be submitted within 2 years of support being provided? Is there a grace period?
Claims and payments (s45)
In the future, all claims must be made within 2 years of providing the support.
For the first 12 months the NDIA will review all claims made for supports provided before the new NDIS law comes into effect on 3 October 2024.
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How can providers register for community participation?
Providers can register by visiting the NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission website and following the registration process.
How do providers and plan managers claim replacement supports?
Providers and plan managers must not provide or claim a replacement support for a participant without evidence of approval.
For more information, visit claims and payments.
More information
If you have more questions about the changes to the NDIS, you can go to the Department of Social Services website .
Get involved
Join Participant First for opportunities to get involved.
This page current as of 10 September 2025
https://www.ndis.gov.au/about-us/improving-ndis/changes-ndis-legislation/frequently-asked-questions-about-legislation
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