The World Anti-Doping Code

THE 2011
PROHIBITED LIST


INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD

The official text of the Prohibited List shall be maintained by WADA and shall be
published in English and French. In the event of any conflict between the English
and French versions, the English version shall prevail.

This List shall come into effect on 1 January 2011
The 2011 Prohibited List
18 September 2010

THE 2011 PROHIBITED LIST
WORLD ANTI-DOPING CODE

Valid 1 January 2011

All Prohibited Substances shall be considered as “Specified
Substances” except Substances in classes S1, S2.1 to S2.5,
S.4.4 and S6.a, and Prohibited Methods M1, M2 and M3.

SUBSTANCES AND METHODS PROHIBITED AT ALL TIMES
(IN- AND OUT-OF-COMPETITION)

S0. NON-APPROVED SUBSTANCES

Any pharmacological substance which is not addressed by any of the
subsequent sections of the List and with no current approval by any
governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use (i.e.
drugs under pre-clinical or clinical development or discontinued) is
prohibited at all times.

PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES

S1. ANABOLIC AGENTS

Anabolic agents are prohibited.

1.  Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS)

a. Exogenous* AAS, including:

1-androstenediol (5α-androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol ); 1-androstenedione (5α-
androst-1-ene-3,17-dione); bolandiol (19-norandrostenediol); bolasterone;
boldenone; boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione); calusterone;
clostebol; danazol (17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxyandrost-4-eno[2,3-d]isoxazole);
dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-
1,4-dien-3-one);  desoxymethyltestosterone (17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-en-
17β-ol); drostanolone; ethylestrenol (19-nor-17α-pregn-4-en-17-ol);
fluoxymesterone; formebolone; furazabol (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-
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androstano[2,3-c]-furazan); gestrinone; 4-hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-
dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one); mestanolone; mesterolone; metenolone;
methandienone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one);
methandriol; methasterone (2α, 17α-dimethyl-5α-androstane-3-one-17β-ol);
methyldienolone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one); methyl-1-
testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-3-one);
methylnortestosterone (17β-hydroxy-17α-methylestr-4-en-3-one);
methyltestosterone; metribolone (methyltrienolone, 17β-hydroxy-17α-
methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one); mibolerone; nandrolone; 19-
norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione); norboletone; norclostebol;
norethandrolone; oxabolone; oxandrolone; oxymesterone; oxymetholone;
prostanozol (17β-hydroxy-5α-androstano[3,2-c] pyrazole); quinbolone;
stanozolol; stenbolone; 1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-3-
one); tetrahydrogestrinone (18a-homo-pregna-4,9,11-trien-17β-ol-3-one);
trenbolone; and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar
biological effect(s).

b. Endogenous** AAS when administered exogenously:

androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol); androstenedione (androst-4-ene-
3,17-dione); dihydrotestosterone (17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one);
prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA); testosterone
and the following metabolites and isomers:

5α-androstane-3α,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol; 5α-androstane-
3β,17α-diol; 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3α,17α-diol;
androst-4-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-4-ene-3β,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-
3α,17α-diol; androst-5-ene-3α,17β-diol; androst-5-ene-3β,17α-diol;
4-androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β,17β-diol); 5-androstenedione (androst-5-
ene-3,17-dione); epi-dihydrotestosterone; epitestosterone; 3α-hydroxy-5α-
androstan-17-one; 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one; 19-
norandrosterone; 19-noretiocholanolone.

2. Other Anabolic Agents, including but not limited to:

Clenbuterol, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), tibolone,
zeranol, zilpaterol.

For purposes of this section:
* “exogenous” refers to a substance which is not ordinarily capable of being
produced by the body naturally.
** “endogenous” refers to a substance which is capable of being produced by the
body naturally.

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S2.  PEPTIDE  HORMONES,  GROWTH FACTORS  AND RELATED
SUBSTANCES

The following substances and their releasing factors are prohibited:

1.  Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents [e.g. erythropoietin (EPO),
darbepoetin (dEPO), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizers,
methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA), peginesatide
(Hematide)];

2.  Chorionic Gonadotrophin (CG) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in
males;

3.  Insulins;

4.  Corticotrophins;

5.  Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1),
Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF),
Mechano Growth Factors (MGFs), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
(PDGF), Vascular-Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) as well as any
other growth factor affecting muscle, tendon or ligament protein
synthesis/degradation, vascularisation, energy utilization, regenerative
capacity or fibre type switching;

and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS

All beta-2 agonists (including both optical isomers where relevant) are prohibited
except salbutamol (maximum 1600 micrograms over 24 hours) and salmeterol
when taken by inhalation in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommended
therapeutic regime.

The presence of salbutamol in urine in excess of 1000 ng/mL is presumed not to
be an intended therapeutic use of the substance and will be considered as an
Adverse Analytical Finding unless the Athlete proves, through a controlled
pharmacokinetic study, that the abnormal result was the consequence of the use
of a therapeutic dose (maximum 1600 micrograms over 24 hours) of inhaled
salbutamol.

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S4. HORMONE ANTAGONISTS AND MODULATORS

The following classes are prohibited:
  1.  Aromatase inhibitors including, but not limited to: aminoglutethimide,
anastrozole, androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione
(androstatrienedione), 4-androstene-3,6,17 trione (6-oxo),
exemestane, formestane, letrozole, testolactone.

2.  Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) including, but not
limited to: raloxifene, tamoxifen, toremifene.

3.  Other anti-estrogenic substances including, but not limited to:
clomiphene, cyclofenil, fulvestrant.

4.  Agents modifying myostatin function(s) including, but not limited, to:
myostatin inhibitors.

S5. DIURETICS AND OTHER MASKING AGENTS

Masking agents are prohibited. They include:
Diuretics, desmopressin, plasma expanders (e.g. glycerol; intravenous
administration of albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch and mannitol),
probenecid; and other substances with similar biological effect(s).

Diuretics include:
Acetazolamide, amiloride, bumetanide, canrenone, chlorthalidone,
etacrynic acid, furosemide, indapamide, metolazone, spironolactone,
thiazides (e.g. bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide),
triamterene; and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar
biological effect(s) (except drosperinone, pamabrom and topical dorzolamide and
brinzolamide, which are not prohibited).

The use In- and Out-of-Competition, as applicable, of any quantity of a substance
subject to threshold limits (i.e. salbutamol, morphine, cathine, ephedrine,
methylephedrine and pseudoephedrine) in conjunction with a diuretic or other
masking agent requires the deliverance of a specific Therapeutic Use Exemption
for that substance in addition to the one granted for the diuretic or other masking
agent.
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PROHIBITED METHODS

M1. ENHANCEMENT OF OXYGEN TRANSFER

The following are prohibited:

1.  Blood doping, including the use of autologous, homologous or heterologous
blood or red blood cell products of any origin.

2.  Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen, including,
but not limited to, perfluorochemicals, efaproxiral (RSR13) and modified
haemoglobin products (e.g. haemoglobin-based blood substitutes,
microencapsulated haemoglobin products), excluding supplemental oxygen.

M2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION

The following is prohibited:

1.   Tampering, or attempting to tamper, in order to alter the integrity and
validity of Samples collected during Doping Control is prohibited.  These
include but are not limited to catheterisation, urine substitution and/or
adulteration (e.g. proteases).

2.   Intravenous infusions are prohibited except for those legitimately received in
the course of hospital admissions or clinical investigations.

3.   Sequential withdrawal, manipulation and reinfusion of whole blood into the
circulatory system is prohibited.

M3. GENE DOPING

The following, with the potential to enhance sport performance, are prohibited:

1.  The transfer of nucleic acids or nucleic acid sequences;

2.  The use of normal or genetically modified cells;

3.  The use of agents that directly or indirectly affect functions known to
influence performance by altering gene expression.  For example,
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor δ (PPARδ) agonists (e.g. GW
1516) and PPARδ-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) axis agonists (e.g.
AICAR) are prohibited.

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SUBSTANCES AND METHODS
PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

In addition to the categories S0 to S5 and M1 to M3 defined above,
the following categories are prohibited In-Competition:

PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES

S6. STIMULANTS

All stimulants (including both optical isomers where relevant) are prohibited,
except imidazole derivatives for topical use and those stimulants included in the
2011 Monitoring Program*.

Stimulants include:

a: Non-Specified Stimulants:

Adrafinil; amfepramone; amiphenazole; amphetamine; amphetaminil;
benfluorex; benzphetamine; benzylpiperazine; bromantan; clobenzorex;
cocaine; cropropamide; crotetamide; dimethylamphetamine;
etilamphetamine; famprofazone; fencamine; fenetylline; fenfluramine;
fenproporex; furfenorex; mefenorex; mephentermine; mesocarb;
methamphetamine(d-); p-methylamphetamine;
methylenedioxyamphetamine; methylenedioxymethamphetamine;
modafinil; norfenfluramine; phendimetrazine; phenmetrazine;
phentermine; 4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon); prenylamine; prolintane.
A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified Substance.

b: Specified Stimulants (examples):

Adrenaline**; cathine***; ephedrine****; etamivan; etilefrine; fenbutrazate;
fencamfamin; heptaminol; isometheptene; levmetamfetamine;
meclofenoxate; methylephedrine****; methylhexaneamine
(dimethylpentylamine); methylphenidate; nikethamide; norfenefrine;
octopamine; oxilofrine; parahydroxyamphetamine; pemoline;
pentetrazol; phenpromethamine; propylhexedrine; pseudoephedrine*****;
selegiline; sibutramine; strychnine; tuaminoheptane; and other substances
with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

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* The following substances included in the 2011 Monitoring Program (bupropion,
caffeine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradol, synephrine) are not
considered as Prohibited Substances.
** Adrenaline associated with local anaesthetic agents or by local administration
(e.g. nasal, ophthalmologic) is not prohibited.
***  Cathine  is prohibited when its  concentration in urine is greater than 5
micrograms per milliliter.
****  Each of ephedrine  and  methylephedrine  is prohibited when its
concentration in urine is greater than 10 micrograms per milliliter.
*****  Pseudoephedrine  is prohibited  when its concentration in urine is greater
than 150 micrograms per milliliter.

S7. NARCOTICS

The following are prohibited:

Buprenorphine, dextromoramide, diamorphine (heroin), fentanyl and its
derivatives, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone,
oxymorphone, pentazocine, pethidine.

S8. CANNABINOIDS

Natural (e.g. cannabis, hashish, marijuana) or synthetic delta 9-
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabimimetics [e.g. “Spice” (containing
JWH018, JWH073), HU-210] are prohibited.


S9. GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS

All glucocorticosteroids are prohibited when administered by  oral, intravenous,
intramuscular or rectal routes.

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  SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED IN PARTICULAR
SPORTS

P1. ALCOHOL

Alcohol (ethanol) is prohibited In-Competition  only, in the following sports.
Detection will be conducted by analysis of breath and/or blood. The doping
violation threshold (haematological values) is 0.10 g/L.

•  Aeronautic (FAI)

•  Motorcycling (FIM)

•  Archery (FITA)

•  Ninepin and Tenpin Bowling (FIQ)
•  Automobile (FIA)


•  Powerboating (UIM)
•  Karate (WKF)


P2. BETA-BLOCKERS

Unless otherwise specified, beta-blockers are prohibited In-Competition  only, in
the following sports.

•  Aeronautic (FAI)
•  Modern Pentathlon (UIPM) for
•  Archery (FITA) (also prohibited
disciplines involving shooting
Out-of-Competition)
•  Ninepin and Tenpin Bowling (FIQ)
•  Automobile (FIA)
•  Powerboating (UIM)
•  Billiards and Snooker (WCBS)
•  Sailing (ISAF) for match race
•  Bobsleigh and Skeleton (FIBT)
helms only
•  Boules (CMSB)
•  Shooting (ISSF, IPC) (also
•  Bridge (FMB)
prohibited Out-of-Competition)
•  Curling (WCF)
•  Skiing/Snowboarding (FIS) in ski
•  Darts (WDF)
jumping, freestyle aerials/halfpipe
•  Golf (IGF)
and snowboard halfpipe/big air
•  Motorcycling (FIM)
•  Wrestling (FILA)

Beta-blockers include, but are not limited to, the following:

Acebutolol, alprenolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, bunolol, carteolol,
carvedilol, celiprolol, esmolol, labetalol, levobunolol, metipranolol,
metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, propranolol, sotalol, timolol.
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